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Physics EOY- Waves - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Peak – the highest point of a transverse wave is called a peak, like the highest point of a mountain.
      - Trough – the lowest point of a transverse wave is called a trough because it makes the shape of a trough that an animal might eat from.
      - Amplitude – the distance from a peak or a trough, to the rest position is called the amplitude of the wave. A wave with tall peaks has a large amplitude.
      - Wavelength – The distance from one peak to the next peak is called the wavelength. The wavelength of a wave could also be measured from one trough to the next trough, or from any point on the wave to the same point on the next cycle of the wave.
    - - Compression – a region of high pressure, where the particles are closer together than normal.
      - Rarefaction – a region of low pressure, where the particles are further apart than normal.
      - Amplitude – the maximum distance a particle moves from its rest position.
      - Wavelength – The distance from the centre of one compression to the centre of the next compression is called the wavelength. The wavelength of a longitudinal wave could also be measured from the centre of a rarefaction to the centre of the next rarefaction.
      - Frequency – the number of vibrations in one second. This is the same as the number of complete waves passing a point each second. Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz). A frequency of 50 Hz means there are 50 vibrations every second, or that 50 waves pass by every second.
      - Time period – the time taken for one complete cycle of the wave. It is also the time taken for one complete wave to pass by, for example the time from one compression to pass until the next.
  - - - Longitudinal waves show areas of compression and rarefaction: compressions are regions of high pressure due to particles being close together
        rarefactions are regions of low pressure due to particles being spread further apart
- - - - The vibrations caused by the ultrasound shake apart the dirt or kidney stones, breaking them up
    - - Ultrasound imaging creates a picture of something that cannot be seen directly, such as an unborn baby in the womb, or faults and defects inside manufactured parts.