What caused the birth of Renaissance
Social impact in Europe after the Black Death
Crusade and the increased interaction between different cultures
the Renaissance men such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo
Role of city-states
The emergence of humanism, different artistic and technological innovations
The role of merchants (i.e. Medici family)
Classical heritage of Greco-Roman Culture
The Black Death had a serious impact on the European population, changed the social structure of Europe, and shaken the position of the Roman Catholic Church, which dominated Europe at the time, and caused some minority groups to be persecuted, such as Jews, Muslims, foreigners, beggars, and leprosy patients.
Black Death makes a lot of people die, most of those were labourers and farmers. Because they are poor they do not have enough money to cure the Black Death. After they died, naturally lead to a sharp reduction in the scale of international commercial trade and a serious decline in the overall productivity of society in a short period of time
the emergence of new systems and technologies aimed at saving manpower. because most of the laborers died so making Europeans less productive, they began to develop new technologies to replace the dead laborers. The mass death of laborers and farmers led to the development of new technologies. The development of new technologies also creates new policies.
the weakening of Catholic influence and the emergence of individualism in northwestern Europe.
because the Black Death kills a lot of people so they need a god to protect them. And Catholic is what they need.It gave spiritual sustenance to Europeans who had just experienced the Black Death. More people began to put their energy and faith in the secular world instead of pursuing metaphysical experiences or believing in empty afterlife legends. They put down the Bible and precepts in their hands, and turned to art creation and drinking and having fun; the progress of this process The continuous development and in-depth directly provided the social foundation and cultural soil for the subsequent Renaissance; therefore, it can be said that the Black Death was not a disaster, but a shot in the arm for Europe. Although the dose was a bit large, it still successfully achieved the desired effect Putting Europe on the fast track to modernization.
THE COMPARATIVE COMMUNAL RESPONSES TO. (n.d.). https://web.stanford.edu/class/history13/Readings/MichaelDol.htm
The Catholic Church and the Black Death in the 14th Century - 2593 Words | Essay Example. (2023, April 6). Free Essays. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-catholic-church-and-the-black-death-in-the-14th-century/
The Black Death and industrialisation: Lessons for today’s South. (2014, June 4). CEPR. https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/black-death-and-industrialisation-lessons-todays-south
Pandemics, places, and populations: Evidence from the Black Death. (2019, May 8). CEPR. https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/pandemics-places-and-populations-evidence-black-death
Humanism, inspired many artists. They created a large number of works of art that have been handed down to this day. There are paintings, poems, operas, sculptures and more. All these great works are possible because of humanism.
Trade and cultural exchange between Europe and the Islamic world flourished as a result of the Crusades, which was one of their most important effects. Spices, textiles, and Islamic art and architecture were among the new products and concepts that European traders and Crusaders encountered, which aided in the continent's economic and cultural development.
their contributions to science
classical heritage of greco culture ,after crusade(Islamic VS. Christianity)European(christianity)lost.because when they fought European went to the Middle East.They developed a keen interest in Middle East (Greek)culture.And found that the romans had profound achievement in the performance of body art.As a result,Greco-reman culture became popular again at that time.and spread to Europe.
Greco-Roman Culture makes the European make a lot of art work.After the Black Death they forgot the sadness and focus on the art.that's why at that time they make a lot of art work.These artistic creations have greatly inspired us for future generations. Let us understand the history and art at that time from these literary and artistic works, and also reflect people's life and thoughts at that time. Their work is open. The works of the Renaissance period embody humanist ideas: advocate individual liberation, oppose medieval asceticism and religious views; All the authority and traditional dogma on the basis of theology and scholastic philosophy; creating a universal human being who is excellent under all conditions instead of God; supporting centralization and opposing feudal separatism, this is the main idea of humanism.
example of Greco-Roman culture works 1.The Abduction of 1.Europa, 1750. Works by French painter Jean-Baptiste Marie-Pierre, now in the Dallas Museum of Art. ! 2.Cupid and Psyche (Roman Mythology) - Love Cupid and Psyche is a famous Roman myth that explores themes of love, lust, jealousy, and curiosity. The story follows the beautiful princess Psyche who is ordered by the jealous goddess Venus to fall in love with the ugliest creature on earth. However, Cupid, the god of desire, fell in love with Psyche and visited her secretly. Psyche eventually becomes curious about her lover's identity and accidentally spills hot oil on him, causing him to run away in a rage. After many trials, the couple reunited and they finally got married. The story highlights the power of love over jealousy and the consequences of giving in to curiosity.The Abduction of 3.Proserpina (Roman Mythology) - Desire The myth of Proserpine tells the story of Pluto, the god of the underworld, who abducted Proserpine, the daughter of Ceres, while she was picking flowers. He takes her to the underworld and makes her his wife. Proserpina's mother, Ceres, is distraught and looks for her daughter everywhere. Eventually, Jupiter, the king of the gods, intervened and made a deal with Pluto: Proserpina spent half of each year in the underworld as Pluto's wife and the other half in the heavens with her mother. This myth explains the changing seasons, as Proserpina's return to Earth heralds the arrival of spring.
At that time, people created many works of art, and works of art could be traded (buy and sell). At the same time, operas and poetry could also be developed and performed in dance dramas, all of which could promote the economy. At the same time, people created a large number of poems, and printing was born. A large number of printed and manufactured books also revived the originally depressed economy.
In Europe, the fourteenth century to the seventeenth century is known as the Renaissance, and it was a time of a renaissance of classical scholarship and knowledge. The renaissance had a profound impact on many facets of European society, especially in the fields of literature, politics, religion, and the arts. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the Renaissance was characterized by a revival of learning and a rise in nature consciousness, both of which were evident in the medieval era. The portrayal of a unique perspective on a man was central to Renaissance painting. Many illustrious artists produced some magnificent masterpieces throughout the Renaissance era that are still highly regarded today.
their literary works
some art works they created
The Medici family was almost like the status of the royal family at that time. Monopolized the entire economy and art industry. They can conduct transactions through their own banks. And bought a lot of works of art, which is why there are now these Renaissance works.
The Medici family, or translated as the Medici family, the Medici family, the Medici family, the Medici family, is a famous family in Florence that had a powerful force in Europe from the 15th century to the mid-18th century. The red ball on the family crest of the Medici family represents gold coins, and it is said that Medici's red ball is the groove formed by the strike on the shield of Medici's ancestor Abelardo who served Charlemagne.
After returning from the Middle East, people brought back new ideas and technologies from Greece. The main trend of thought in the European Renaissance. It opposes religious teachings and scholasticism in the Middle Ages, advocates academic research, advocates freedom of thought and individual liberation, emphasizes human beings as the subject and center, and respects human nature, interests, needs, and the possibility of various creations and developments.
The evolution of Western philosophy was significantly influenced by the Crusades as well. The Scientific Revolution and the Renaissance have its roots in Islamic philosophy and science, particularly in the writings of Avicenna and Averroes.
Between the 11th and the 13th centuries, Christian troops from Europe engaged in a series of military wars known as the Crusades in an effort to seize control of the Holy Land from Muslim tyrants. Because they brought Europeans into contact with the Islamic world and exposed them to fresh concepts, ideas, and cultural practices, the Crusades had a considerable influence on the growth of cross-cultural interaction.
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Greek and roman art and architecture. The Art Story. (n.d.). Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.theartstory.org/movement/classical-greek-and-roman-art/
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Renaissance Period: Timeline, Art & Facts | HISTORY. (2023b, March 28). History.com. https://www.history.com/topics/renaissance/renaissance10
The renaissance start at city-state.A city-state means a more developed city. The population is larger. Compared with city-states and ordinary cities. It's like a contrast between city and country. The economy and technology of the city-state are more developed, and their minds are more open. It is the best place to develop the Renaissance.
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Wikipedia contributors. (2023a). Italian city-states. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_city-states
Courses, G. (2020). The History of Italy: Unifying Italy’s City-States. Wondrium Daily. https://www.wondriumdaily.com/history-of-italy-italys-city-states/
states.htmlTHE ECONOMIC POLICIES OF THE REGIONAL CITY-STATES OF RENAISSANCE ITALY: OBSERVATIONS ON A NEGLECTED THEME on JSTOR. (n.d.). https://www.jstor.org/stable/43780250
Most Famous Paintings of The Renaissance. (2019, May 29). Parblo. https://www.parblo.com/blogs/guides/10-most-famous-paintings-of-the-renaissance
Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa" is a masterwork portrait from the Renaissance. It is recognized as a masterpiece of the Italian Renaissance and the most well-known, popular, and frequently written, sung, and imitated piece of art in history. The woman in the painting has a subdued face and what is frequently called the "mysterious smile"
McKenzie, S. (2013, November 19). Mona Lisa: The theft that created a legend. CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/18/world/europe/mona-lisa-the-theft/index.html
Zucker, S. (n.d.). Leonardo, Mona Lisa – Smarthistory. https://smarthistory.org/leonardo-mona-lisa/
Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish mathematician and astronomer during the Renaissance. He advocated the heliocentric model, referring to the sun as the center of the universe. Before his death in 1543, Copernicus published "On the Movement of Celestial Spheres", which is generally considered to be the starting point of modern astronomy. It started the Copernican Revolution and contributed considerably to the scientific revolution. Copernicus was born in Royal Prussia, which had been part of the Kingdom of Poland since 1466
Dante was born in 1265 and died in 1321. He was a famous Italian medieval poet and a pioneer of the European Renaissance. His classic long poem "Divine Comedy" describes the salvation of the soul and explores the issue of human sin and redemption , is divided into "Hell", "Purgatory" and "Paradise" trilogy, which is regarded as a classic of world literature by later generations.
His most famous work - "Divine Comedy", in this epic poem with a length of more than 14,000 lines, Dante resolutely opposed the obscurantism in the Middle Ages, expressed his persistent pursuit of truth, and had a great influence on the poetry creation of later generations in Europe. profound influence.
Inferno, B. F. (2016, December 14). Dante Alighieri and his Works - Florence Inferno. Florence Inferno. https://www.florenceinferno.com/category/dante/
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (1998, July 20). The Divine Comedy | Dante, Poem, Summary, & Facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Divine-Comedy
Copernicus advocated the heliocentric model, referring to the sun as the center of the universe. Before his death in 1543, Copernicus published "On the Movement of Celestial Spheres", which is generally considered to be the starting point of modern astronomy. And put forward "heliocentric theory", the earth is round. This was unbelievable in the society at the time. But his arguments take us to the next level in astronomy and science
Government and Social Structure in Medieval Italian City-States. (2022, November 4). Brewminate: A Bold Blend of News and Ideas. https://brewminate.com/government-and-social-structure-in-medieval-italian-city-states/
Newton created the "Newton First, second and third law" Which helps us to get more information about physics. His Laws told us about the gravitational force, F=ma, and reaction force.
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2023, March 27). Newton’s laws of motion | Definition, Examples, & History. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/Newtons-laws-of-motion
William Shakespeare, often honored as Shakespeare in the Chinese community, is the most outstanding dramatist in the history of English literature, one of the outstanding writers in the history of Western literature and art, and one of the most outstanding writers in the world. His surviving works include 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems and other poems. His plays have been translated into every major language and have been performed far more often than any other dramatist.
He wrote the play "Romeo and Juliet", using opera to express great love. It also satirizes the society at that time and the traditional concepts of people in the old days.
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Adapted “Romeo” Not So Sweet | Arts | The Harvard Crimson. (2013, October 18). https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/10/18/romeo-juliet-carlei-review/
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Tiffanypottenburgh, V. a. P. B. (2021, December 14). Renaissance Art as a Reflection of Humanism and Shifting Ideals. Italian Culture. https://nuitalian.org/2021/12/13/renaissance-art-as-a-reflection-of-humanism-and-shifting-ideals/
The Crusades, meanwhile, had a bad side as well because they were characterized by brutality, bigotry, and religious strife. A century of animosity and mistrust between the two cultures can be attributed to the Crusaders' atrocities against Muslim and Jewish communities as well as the battles between Christians and Muslims.
The Crusades, meanwhile, had a bad side as well because they were characterized by brutality, bigotry, and religious strife. A century of animosity and mistrust between the two cultures can be attributed to the Crusaders' atrocities against Muslim and Jewish communities as well as the battles between Christians and Muslims.
Unity Productions Foundation. (2018, February 5). Cross-Cultural Trade and Cultural Exchange During the Crusades - The Sultan and The Saint. The Sultan and the Saint. https://www.sultanandthesaintfilm.com/education/cross-cultural-trade-cultural-exchange-crusades/
mostly people think the reason is....
The Renaissance began in northern Italy, which was related to its prosperous Mediterranean trade. In addition to collecting ancient Roman documents obtained from the Middle East and Greece for research, merchants also gave their full support to artistic creation. Formal development from Florence in Tuscany in the 14th century, but this is questionable.