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Evelyn Santiago Period 2 - Reproductive System - Coggle Diagram
Evelyn Santiago Period 2 - Reproductive System
Major functions of reproductive system (doesn't activate until puberty)
Male and Female
2) bring gametes from male & female thru sex
3) combine DNA w/in gametes through fertilization
1) Form specialized cells for sex repro - GAMETES
Sperm - male gametes
Ova(eggs) - female gametes
4) support development of fetus (gestation) & birth of baby (parturition)
share common origin of development
Anatomy of Female repro-structures
Ovarie - female gonads
Internal genitalia
ovaries and duct systems
external genitalia : external sex organs
female duct system
uterine tubes
uterus
body
fundus
isthmus
cervix
cervical canal
vagina
Female hormonal cycle
Days 1-5 : menstrual phase
▪ Ovarian hormones are at lowest levels
▪ Gonadotropin levels are beginning to rise
▪ Stratum functionalis detaches from uterine wall and is shed
– Menstrual flow of blood and tissue lasts 3–5 days
▪ By day 5, growing ovarian follicles start to produce more estroge
Days 6-14 : proliferative (preovulatory) phase
ising estrogen levels prompt generation of new stratum functionalis layer
– As layer thickens, glands enlarge, and spiral arteries increase in number
▪ Estrogen also increases synthesis of progesterone receptors in endometrium
▪ Thins out normally thick, sticky cervical mucus to facilitate sperm passage
▪ Ovulation occurs at end of proliferative phase on day 14
Days 15-28 : secretory (postovulatory) phase
Phase that is most consistent in duration
▪ Endometrium prepares for embryo to implant
▪ If fertilization does not occur:
– Corpus luteum degenerates toward end of secretory phase; progesterone
levels fall
– Endometrial cells die, and glands regress
– Blood vessels fragment, and functional layer sloughs off and uterine
cycle starts all over again on first day of menstruation
Methods & Classification of Contraceptives
IUD
Injectables
male serilization
female sterilization
Pills
withdrawal
spermicide
fertility awareness
external condom
internal condom
Diaphragm
Disorders/Diseases etc
Testicular cancer
breast cancer
cervical cancer
Syphilis
Gonorrhea
Hepatitis
Chlamydia
Genital Herpes
Tricomoniasis
AIDS/HIV
HPV/GENITAL WARTS
PID
Anatomy of Male repro-structures
primary sex organs (gonads) : testes - sperm-producing & lie w/in scrotum
accessory ducts : carry sperm from testes to body exterior
epididymis
ductus deferens
ejaculatory duct
urethra
accessory sex glands:
seminal glands
prostate
bulbo-urethral glands
scrotum - hangs outside abdominopelvic cavity at root of penis
Hormones
Male - testosterone
GnRH
Female - progesterone & estrogen
LH
FSH