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Kathy Ramirez Per.2 Reproductive system, , - Coggle Diagram
Kathy Ramirez Per.2 Reproductive system
Major functions of the Reproductive system
transport and sustain cells
nurture developing offspring
produce egg and sperm cells
produce hormones
Events of the female hormonal cycles
menstruation
prepares for pregnancy
blood and partly tissue from inside uterus
monthly
follicular phase
starts on 1st day of period
13-14 days
ending on ovulation
hormone stimulates production of follicles on the surface of ovary
Usually one follicle will mature into an egg
ovulation
moves down fallopian tubes
fertilized in tubes
ovary release egg
luteal phase
begins around day 15
prepares your uterus for pregnancy
2nd part of menstrual cycle
thickening your uterine lining
Hormones of the reproductive system
progesterone
endometrium sheds during menstrual period
prepare endometrium
prepares for pregnancy
estrogen
development
stim growth of egg follicle
regulate growth
maintain thickness of vaginal wall
maintain mucous membrane of uterus line
fat distribution
Testosterone
regulate libido
bone mass
fat distribution
production of RBCs and sperm
Gonadotropin
causes pituitary gland in the brain to make and secrete the hormones
In men, these hormones cause the testicles to make testosterone
In women, they cause the ovaries to make estrogen and progesterone
Anatomy of female reproductive structures
vulva
mons pubis
labia majora
labia minora
clitoris
vestibular bulbs
vulva vestibule
vagina
cervix
uterus
fallopian tubes
ovaries
Disorders associated with the reproductive system
HPV
Vaccination can guard against most common cancer-causing strains
Over 50% of adults are infected during lifetime
Can be a cause of some penile, anal and oropharyngeal cancers
Syphilis
Bacterial infection transmitted sexually
Caused by Treponema pallidum
invades mucosae or even broken skin
asymptomatic for 2–3 weeks
Disappears within a few weeks
treatment
penicillin
Trichomoniasis
parasitic infection
easily treated
70% of women have no symptoms
30% have yellow-green vaginal discharge
strong odor
gonorrhea
Bacterial infection of mucosae of the reproductive and urinary tracts
Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
most cases asymptomatic
male symptoms
urethritis
painful urination
penile “drip”
female symptoms
ab discomfort
vaginal discharge
abnormal
uterine bleeding
treatment
antibiotics
chlamydia
Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
symptoms
penile and vaginal discharges
abdominal, rectal, or testicular pain
painful intercourse
urethritis
irregular menses
Most common
treatment
antibiotics
HIV/AIDS
prevention
abstinence
dont share needles
prevention meds
using condoms the right way
transmission
anal or vaginal sex
sharing needles or syringes
It weakens a person’s immune system by destroying important cells that fight disease and infection
symptoms
last few days or many weeks
flu-like symptoms
no symptoms
Genital Herpes
15% display signs of infection
Can be passed on to fetus
One of most difficult human pathogens to control
treatment
antiviral drugs
Caused by herpes simplex virus
Anatomy of male reproductive structures
Internal
epididymus
highly coiled tube
lies at the back of the testes
sperm from the testes pass through the epididymis
mature and start to swim
prostate
walnut-sized gland sits in the middle of the pelvis
urethra runs through the middle of it
produces fluid secretions that support and nourish sperm
urethra
tube that extends from bladder to external opening of penis
carries both urine and sperm
vas deferens
carries sperm from epididymis to prostate gland and urethra
thick-walled tube
External
scrotum
loose bag of skin
hangs outside the body
behind the penis
holds the testes in place
testicles
sit in the scrotum
produce sperm and testosterone
egg-shaped glands
penis
organ used for urination and sexual intercourse
contains urethra
spongy tissue can fill w/blood to cause erection
carries both urine and semen.
Methods and Classification of contraceptives
male condoms
vasectomy
female condoms
tubal ligation
pills
withdrawal
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