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Secularisation - Coggle Diagram
Secularisation
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3 theories
Marx:
- believed that once capitalism was replaced there would be no purpose for religion
Weber:
- believed that as people acted in terms of rationalisation, religion would decline, and eventually disappear
- belief in science
Durkheim:
- accepted that although religion would eventually decline in importance, it would still be relevant in society
Key figures
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2021 Census:
- 'no religion' jumped by over 8m, 25% 2011, 37% 2021
- Christians now minority, non-religious in Wales (47%)
- non-religious grew by almost 60% from 2001-11
- 'Christian' in England & Wales fallen steeply, 59% -> 46%
Critiques of this data:
- these are many flaws of this data
- those Christianed may tick Christian
- leading wording of "what is your religion", proven to inflate
- <1/2 Christians believe Jesus real person that was son of God, died, then came back
- quantitative data
- optional question
- subjective topic
Key figures:
- decline in church attendance in population
- increase in average age of churchgeoers
- fewer baptisms & church weddings
- greater diversity of religions
- decrease in influence of church (e.g. education)
- "bogus baptisms" increased
Evaluation
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Beckford, agrees religious diversity will lead to some questioning/abandonment of beliefs, but not inevitable can have opposite effect
Bruce, counter-trends against secularisation theory (cultural defence & transition), but religion only survives in these situations as a focus for group identity, doesnt disprove secularisation (most likely to survive when performs other functions e.g. churchgoing declined in Poland after fall of communism)
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