Coitus Interruptus: Withdrawal of the penis from the vagina before ejaculation; not very effective; some sperm may reach the vagina before ejaculation.
Rhythm Method: Abstinence from sexual intercourse around the time of ovulation; difficult to determine the time of ovulation; not effective
Mechanical Barriers: Prevent sperm from entering the vagina during sexual intercourse; examples: female/male condoms, diaphragm, cervical cap
Chemical Barriers: Contains spermicides; are more effective when used with a condom; examples: creams, jellies, foams
Combined Hormone Contraceptives: Contain estrogen and progestins to prevent pregnancy; disrupt normal hormonal patterns of the female cycle and prevent follicle maturation and ovulation; examples: chemical ring, the patch, or oral contraceptives
Injectable Contraception: Injection of a progesterone derivative prevents follicle maturation and ovulation; works for 3 months.
Contraceptive Implants: Implantation of a rod containing progestin under the skin of the arm; can prevent follicle maturation and ovulation for 3 years.
Intrauterine Devices: Objects implanted in the uterus are either toxic to sperm and egg cells or prevent implantation of the embryo by inhibiting the growth of the endometrium, thicken cervical mucus.
Sterilization: Surgical methods of permanently preventing pregnancy; vasectomy in males and tubal ligation in females.