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Division to unity: extra-parliamentary opposition 1949-1989 - Coggle…
Division to unity: extra-parliamentary opposition 1949-1989
Student protests
Students rejected the idea that their Germany was responsible for Nazi actions. They wanted to separate their generation from past generations
1968, student protest over overcrowded and old fashioned universities.
1967 protest when the shah of Iran came to Berlin. Benno Ohnesorg killed - led to organised protest in nearly all of Germany’s universities,
APO - A student pressure group which protested against Kiesinger’s May 1968 emergency powers.
April 1968, 400 student protesters were injured by police during a protest.
Government incidents
The Spiegel Affair, 1962:
The magazine 'Der Spiegel' criticised German troops. This led to their arrest for 'treason' with the support of Adenauer. This went against the Basic Law constitution and they were released.
Berlin Olympics, 1972:
Israeli team attacked for being jewish. The government was unsuccessful in stopping this as they had limited security as they didn’t want lots of security to remind the world of their nazi past.
RAF + PLO
Red Army Faction were a far-left terrorist group.
The fall of the Berlin Wall and collapse of communism in the GDR weakened the group. It was officially disbanded in 1998.
Their aim was to provoke an aggressive response form the government, which they believed would spark a revolution.
They grew more extreme and violent in the 70s.
1977, Mogadishu incident:
plane hijacked by PLO. Schmidt is very successful and gains a reputation for standing up against terrorism.
In the mid-70s the RAF began training with the PLO.
1972, Berlin Olympics - 11 Israeli athletes murdered by the PLO.
Environmentalism
Environmental cmpaigners were often linked with the APO.
The pershing missiles opposition
: America's pershing missile were based in West Germany, causing opposition. In 1985, 300,000 people marched in rallies in 10 major cities, including Munich and Frankfurt.
Emergence of environmental pressure groups in the 70s, who opposed the building of motorways and nuclear power stations.
November 1986, clashes between police and protester at the sites of 2 nuclear reactors being built.
1980, formation of the Green Party, they won 27 seats in the 1983 election.