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Promotion of Harmful Products - Coggle Diagram
Promotion of Harmful Products
Conformité Européene
A product has been assessed by the manufacturer and deemed to meet EU safety, healthy and environmental protection requirements.
Who is involved in the chain?
Manufacturers - ensure that the product is in a fair market.
Import Distributors - need to ensure that the product that they are getting is safe.
Consumers - getting CE product means that the product is safe and of high quality.
Declaration of Conformity
It is the document that shows that a marked product is compliant.
Has to be done by the manufacturer.
Needs to include:
Name and Address of manufacturer
Model number co relating the document to the product
Declaration by the manufacturer that the document is issued by himself.
Brief description of the product.
The legislation under which the product falls under
The standards used to test the product.
Date and place of signature, name and function of signatory.
Which Product can be Classified as Harmful?
any product that is misused can be harmful.
Many of these potentially harmful products attract criticism from concerned members of society and often governments when their markets increase.
Tobacco and its Effects
Tobacco uses in any form is dangerous and is the single most preventable cause of death.
Tobacco users who die prematurely deprive their families of income, raise the cost of health care prior to death, and hinder economic development since large investments are made into addressing preventable diseases rather than needs in transportation, education, public safety and rural development.
Alcohol and its Adverse Effects
It is integrated into social life.
Alcohol is more dangerous that heroin.
Alcohol misuse imposes significant costs on society through factors such as reduced workplace productivity and the impact of alcohol-fueled violence.
Promotion of Harmful Products
Impact of Tobacco Promotion
Strong associative effects have been found in numerous studies.
Impact of Alcohol Promotion
Alcohol advertising shapes attitudes and behaviours, normalising and encouraging drinking and potentially unsafe amounts.
Significant associations have been found between involvement with alcohol marketing and both current drinking behaviours and future drinking intentions, and between movie alcohol use exposure and binge drinking.
Advertising Restrictions
Tobacco
The tobacco industry has faced increasing restrictions on promotion, especially advertising.
as concerns about the health impacts of smoking and the impact of tobacco promotion on young people’s decisions to commence smoking have been accepted by legislators.
While mass media tobacco advertising is banned in many countries, the industry responded to restrictions by developing other marketing techniques to attract and retain smokers that evade the restrictions placed on traditional mass media.
Alcohol
Actual regulation of alcohol advertising is currently a mix between self-regulation and statutory frameworks, depending on the country or state.
Regarding digital communications, guidance pertains to producer-sponsored websites and any third-party website where the producer installs product placements. In all cases, again, the member is to ensure that materials are consistent with the provisions of the appropriate standard regarding age of the viewer and depiction of drinking activities.
Potential Impact of Further Alcohol Restrictions
Changing excess consumption habits is difficult.
While marketing communication is only one of a multitude of influences on alcohol use, with parental and peer influences also impacting on decisions.
These figures, coupled with the estimated costs of alcohol-related harm noted above, have led to frequent calls for a ban on all alcohol advertising.
Recent Concerns
Increasing penetration of mobile Internet and smartphones allow these devices to become portable ‘virtual leisure spaces’ where a wide range of applications and websites can be accessed free from adult oversight.
Our own observational research indicates that children are often allowed to play games on adults’ mobile phones, potentially exposing them to the marketing of age-inappropriate or harmful products.
Appeal of Social Media
A need to determine the extent, nature and potential impact of harmful product promotion, including those using new media channels not explicitly covered by current regulation.
In reducing risk, the vulnerabilities of young people should be recognised, but in conjunction the rights of individuals to be active participants in media culture and the wider society should also be recognised.
Self-identity is important to adolescents and young adults and alcohol is a key component of identity exploration.
Use of Cartoon Characters
The use of cartoon figures to promote smoking in traditional media has been condemned due to their intrinsic appeal to younger age groups.
While there has been no specific investigation of the effects of cartoon-based electronic games and phone apps, evidence from earlier campaigns raises cause for concern.
Games and Apps
In recent research we focus on mobile phone applications to assess the amount and nature of apps-based activity and to analyse its potential effects against the somewhat fragmented extant literature.
Satisfaction with the use of an electronic game or app does not necessarily result in behaviour change and potential boomerang effects
Context-Multiple Influence
Exposure to pro-smoking (or anti-smoking) messages via media channels needs to be seen in the context of other potential influences, such as family, friends and peer groups; where smoking is seen as normal and important to social identity, people are likely to smoke.
Targeting Vulnerable Consumers
The alcohol industry’s marketing efforts have been characterised as ‘exploiting youth and young adults through its niche marketing’ and failing to stipulate the risks involved in alcohol consumption.
Meanwhile, although direct advertising of tobacco products is now banned in many countries, concerns continue regarding the impact of smoking portrayals in entertainment media such as movies on young people.
