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Reproductive System Period: 5 april,10,2023 SantCeslestino - Coggle…

- - - - differences
        
        three differeances:
        
        production of primary oocytees only fetus
        
        in primary oocytes, meiosis is arrested in late prophase l and resumes only years later
        
        in secondary oocytes, meiosis is arrested in metaphases ll in only completed in fertilization occurs
- - - - Prostate
- - - - Follicular pahse of the ovarian cycle-
        
        During fooicluar phase serveral vescilar antral follicles become sensitive to FSH and are stimulated to grwo =
        
        one dominant follicle becomes especially sensitive FSH
        
        FSh levels drop around miidle of follicular phase
        
        dominant follicle outcomes other follicles and is only one to continue on other non-dominant follicles will undergo atresia
        
        primary oocyte of dominant follicle completes meiosis l to form secondary oocyte and first solar body
      - Ovulation
        
        in-bewteen follicular and luteal phase
        
        ballooning ovary wall ruptures, expelling secondary oocyte with corona radiata into peritoneal cavity
      - Luteal phase of Ovarian Cycle
        
        after ovulation,retured follicle collapses and antrum fills with clotted blood
        
        remaining cells from corpus luteum
        
        corupus luteum secretes progesterone and some estrogen
        
        in no prego occurs, corpus luteum degernates into corpus albicans (scar) in 10 days
        
        In prego does occure progestone takes over placenta over three months
  - - - Proliferative: The functional layer of the endometrium is rebuilt
        
        rising estrogen levels promt generation of new stratum functinalis layer
        
        estrogen also increases synthesis of progesterine receptors in endometrium
        
        thins out normally thick, sticky cercical mucus to faciliate sperm passage
        
        ovulation occurs at end of prolifeative pahse on day 14
        
        4-14 days
      - Secretorty:
        beings immediately after ovulation. enrichment of the blood supply and glandular secretion of nutrients prepare the endometrium to receive an embryo
        
        phase that mist consistent in duration
        
        endometrum prepares from embroyo to implant
        
        in fertilzation does not occurs
        
        corpus luteum degenrates towards end of secretory phase, progesterone levels fall
        
        endometrial cells die and glanss regress
        
        blood vessels fragments andfunctional layer slough off and uterune cycle starts all over again on first day of menstruation
        
        15-28 day
      - Menstrual; functional layer of the endometruim (INNER MOST LAYER OF UTURES) is shed (BLEEDING)
        
        ovarian hormones are at lowest levels
        
        gonadotropin levels are beinging to rise
        
        stratum functionalis detaches from uterine wall and is shed
        
        0-4 days
        
        BOTH MENSTRAL AND PROLIFERATIVE PHASE OCCUR BEFORE OVULATION AND TOGETHER CORRESPIND TO FOLLICULAR PHASE OF OVARIAN CYCLE. THE SECRETORY PHASE CORRESPONDS IN TIME TO THE LUTEAL PHASE OF THE OVARIAN CYCLE
      - day 14 is ovulation
  - - - if no ferterlization
        
        corpus luteum degernerates when LH levels start to fall
        
        causes a sharp decrease in estrogen and progesterone, which is turn ends blockage of FSH and LH secretion, causing cycle to start all over again
- - - - Function: Eggs are produce here/relased her , secrete female sex hormones, estrogen (estradiol, estrone, estriol), and progesterone
      - Ovaries- paried structues flank the uterus, almond shaped
        
        ovary-
        
        ovarain ligamentl- anchors ovary medially to uterus
        
        suspensory ligament: anchors ovary laterally to pelvic wall
    - - Function: permits for sperm to enter
    - - uterus
        
        hollow, thick-walked, muscular organ
        
        FUNCTION: recieves, retain, and nourish fertilized ovum
        
        REGIONS:
        
        Body- major portion
        
        fundus: rounded superior region
        
        isthmus: narrowed inferior region
        
        cervix: narrow neck or outlet; projects into vagina
        
        cervical canal: communicates with vagina via external os- uterine body via internal os
        
        Uterine wall:
        
        Perimetriu- outermost serous layer (visceral peritoneum)
        
        myometriu: bulky middle layer consisting of interlacing layer of smooth mucle - constracts during childbirth
        
        endometrium: mucosal lining - simple columnar epithelium on top of a thick lamina propria, fertlized egg burrows into endometrium and resides there druing development
      - vagina
        
        functions as brith conal, menstral flow, and organ copulation
      - Uterine tubes
        
        fallopain tubes or oviducts- received ovulated oocyte and are usual site of fertilzation
        
        Regions:
        
        infundibulum: funnel-shaped openinng into pertoneal cavity - end of tube, is the FIMBRIAE that drape over ovary
        
        function: during ovulation, uterine tube capture oocytes , oocytes is carried alon toward uterus by smooth muscle peristalsis and cillarty action
- - - - Function:
        
        Triggeres ovarain cycle
        
        larger breast
        
        lowers whe menstral flow happens
    - - Function:
        
        supplies nutrients to fetues fro first three days
        
        menstral flow