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RESPIRATION SYSTEM, PUTRI SRIKANDI ERDI 2208260228 - Coggle Diagram
RESPIRATION SYSTEM
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BREATHING MECHANISM
In breathing there are always two cycles, namely inspiration (inhaling air) and expiration (exhaling air).
Air enters through the nose and mouth, then passes through the process of filtering small particles by the hairs of the nose, then enters the trachea or windpipe. Air from the trachea enters the lungs through the bronchi and bronchioles, then ends in the alveoli.
The mechanism of external respiration is the process of transferring oxygen and carbon dioxide that takes place in the capillaries and lungs. While the mechanism of internal respiration is the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide that takes place in the body's tissues.
Conduction zone: acts as a channel through which breathing air passes and cleans, moistens, and equalizes the temperature of breathing air with the body. In addition, the conduction zone also plays a role in the process of sound formation. This zone starts from the oral cavity to the terminal bronchioles.
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BUFFER SYSTEM
buffer system is a substance that combines acids and bases, reacts directly to maintain pH, and is the most efficient system for maintaining the body's acid-base balance. This buffer is present in blood, intracellular fluid, and extracellular fluid.
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BLOOD PH REGULATION
Normally, normal blood pH levels range from 7.35–7.45. A person's blood is considered too acidic if the pH is less than 7.35. This condition is called acidosis. Meanwhile, blood with a pH value greater than 7.45 is categorized as too alkaline and is called alkalosis.
Chest breathing occurs because the muscles between the ribs contract so that the ribs lift, as a result the volume of the chest cavity increases. Enlargement of the chest cavity makes the lungs expand. When the lungs expand, the air pressure outside is greater than inside the lungs, causing air to enter.
Abdominal breathing occurs due to the movement of the diaphragm. When the diaphragm muscle contracts, the chest cavity expands and the lungs expand. As a result, air enters the lungs. When the diaphragm muscles relax, the diaphragm returns to its original state. At that time the air from the lungs will come out.
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