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MATERIALISM - Coggle Diagram
MATERIALISM
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HICK [soft materialist]
- The soul cannot be seperated from the body
- Proposed a 'Replica theory' : death will destroy us completely but God willl recreate us in heavenly space
- At the point of death on earth, God creates an exact replica of that person in heavenly space
- therefore it is possible for the dead to exist after death as themsleves
- replica is places in a special, separate space (different 'plane' of existance'
- Main problem of the theory is if God supposedly did create a new me, would it really be me? or would be someone a lot like me?
- Hick asserts that the replica he speaks of is not the same as a replica where one could create hundreds
- he maintains there can only be one you because we s humans are individuals- we would only ever be just one of our several versions
- ignores question of punishment or judgement for sins
- No matter how evil someone is in their past life, their replica will exist in the resurrection world no matter what
- this seems unfair particularly when applies to an omnibenevlent god
- no point of good on earth if eschatological reward is the same for all
RYLE
- Critiqued dualism, especially Descartes' substance dualism
- Ridiculed it by calling it a the ghost[mind] in the machine[body]
- He felt that to speak of minds and bodies as though they were equivalent was a 'category mistake''
- Ryle told the story of someone being shown around a university
- After they had been shown the various buildings, they then asked ‘but where is the university?’
- They had mistakenly thought the university belonged to the category of ‘building’, rather than in the category of ‘a collection of buildings’.
- The mind is a term from another category, a way of describing bodies and the way they operate - you should not expect to find a 'mind' over and above all various parts of the body and its actions
- Rejects the idea of a soul
- all mental events are physical events interpreted in a mental way
- believes an individual is a physical living being and no more
- so when the body dies that's it- the whole person is dead
ARISTOTLE
- Every living thing has a soul( a 'psyche')
- The soul represents the body structure and varies from thing to thing
- E.G plants have simple should, animals more complex souls and human souls with the ability to reason
- When the body dies so does the soul- one cannot work without the other, they need each other
- Therefore doesn't believe in life after death
- View that the mind cannot be separate from the body
- humans made of 1 substance- the body