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Cross- Cultural Communication - Coggle Diagram
Cross- Cultural Communication
Fontes, Chapter 5: Beyond Words p. 80-110
The Nonverbal World p. 81-82
We are always talking through our bodies
Some nonverbal communication is learned
We must avoid sending insulting messages nonverbally
Gestures p. 83
Humans make at least 3,000 gestures with hands and fingers
Gesturing helps people think
Different cultues have different gestures
Pointing and Beckoning p. 83-84
Be careful about pointing
Many cultures consider pointing to be offensive
Risky Gestures p. 84-85
Avoid using a lot of gestures when conversing with people from different cultures
OK sign in some cultures are offensive
Try to learn most important gestures from close cultures
Inquiring about Gestures p. 85
Verbally ask about gestures
Certain movements can indicate feelings
We give off signs unknowingly
Greeting and Taking Leave p. 86-88
Greetings take a long time
Shake hands when greeting adults
Try to greet people of senoritity or status first
Showing Attentiveness p. 88-89
Avoid seeming impatient
Avoid paperwork
Attending behaviors
Posture p. 89-91
Posture says a lot about you
Avoid any poses that could be seen as sexual
Feet are considered unclean in many cultures
Gait p. 91
How we walk can say a lot about us
Sometimes gait is shaped by what we wear
Communicating with the Eyes p. 91-93
Many cultures taught looking into eyes is disrespectful
Look at someone but don't stare
Avoid winking
Expressing Emotions p. 93-95
Some cultures want to avoid all extreme emotions
Women tend to show more
Some Asian cultures think emotions are shameful
Expressing Pain & Distress p. 96-98
Many cultures have learned to be stoic
Ask interviewees how they feel by showing with their hands
There's no right way to show feelings
Touch p. 98-101
Certain kids of touch can be problamatic
In many cultures within sex touching is common
Avoid incorrect meanings of physical touch
Personal Space p. 101-103
Sitting or standing too far away can lead to misunderstandings
Learn about different cultures personal space
Smiling & Laughing p. 103-104
People in U.S. smile when greeted
Some cultures don't smile as frequently
Laughing can convey different meanings
Nonverbal Signs of Disagreement & Agreement p. 105
Pursing lips in some cultures indicate disagreement
Ask a person if you don't understand nonverbal signs
"No" is signaled different across the world
Clothing p. 106-108
A persons clothes don't reflect lifestyle
We must be careful of how we respond to clothes
People often wear clothes of spiritual signficance
Johnson, Chapter 5: Communication in Cross-Cultural Perspective p. 65-87
Challenges in Cross-Cultural Communication p. 67-69
Barriers of communication is like an iceberg
Bridging the gap between cultures
Discover with humility
Contexting as a Communication Bridge p. 69-75
External and Internal contexts at work
High context and Low context cultures
Visual representation is important
A Word about Non-Verbal Communication p. 75-79
Certain non verbal comm is universal
Look for display rules that govern non verbal expressions
"SOFTENS"
Monochronic and Polychronic cultures
Communication in Theological Perspective p. 79-81
Jesus broke his cultures nonverbal rules
Be patient and perceptive like Jesus was
Jesus and the Samaritan woman
Disgrace at First Church p. 81-86
A couple from different backgrounds
The couple got pregnant out of wedlock
Church leaders responded negatively
Move towards grace
Rosinski, Chapter 9: How to Leverage Communication Patterns p. 153-176
High Context/ Low Context p. 154-160
High context cultures communication is not just words
Low context cultures rely more on words
To improve communication one must rely on both
Gestuology books are helpful
Direct/Indirect p. 161-164
Direct: say like it is
Indirect: people imply things
You can confront people without being blunt
Affective/ Neutral p. 165-167
Affective: display emotions are valued
Neutral: Objectivity, logic and facts are valued
As a coacher you need to find balance
Formal/ Informal p. 168-171
Formal: formal codes of conduct, titles
Informal: casual, relaxed, spontaneous
Coaches shouldn't assume informality makes comm. easier
Rosinski, Chapter 10: How to Leverage Modes of Thinking p. 177-192
Deductive/ Inductive p. 177-183
Deductive: emphasize concepts, theories and principles
Inductive: using intuition can formulate theories
Promote a dance between concepts and reality
Analytial/ Systemic p. 183-187
Analytical: breaks a whole into parts
Systemic: Brings parts together
Examine the whole system instead of narrow view
Incourage coaches to think differently about issues
Coaching Tool p. 187-191
CREATIVITY
4 steps in creative process
Do not hesitate to question the formulation of your problem