Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Diving Mammal Traits - Coggle Diagram
Diving Mammal Traits
Highly convergent traits
Body, limb, and tail changes
Reducing heart rate and periferal & enteric vasoconstriction
General myoglobin structure
8 alpha helices (hydrophobic) around a single heme
Better O2 binding
Barely affected by pH
pH drives O2 uncoubling in Hb
As CO2 levels rise during the dive, pH will fall
Concentration of Mb ([Mb]max) in skeletal muscle shows correlation with net surface charge (Z-Mb) and max active dive time (t-max)
Aquatic Mb resists denaturing and aggregation better than terrestrial
Caused by increased Z-Mb
Increased charge prevents congregating of Mb
This allowed for more Mb to be stored
Super important when compairing 1 heme (Mb) to 4 hemes (Hb)
Positive rather than negative charge helped increase solubility
Decreases changes from H+ binding
Increases buffer ablility of muscles too
Increases the rate of cationic amino acids to form dimers
Dimers decrease O2 diffusion
Requiring more regulation and monitoring than Hb
log[Mb]max=0.220*Z-Mb + 0.511
Now that there's math, we can back calculate for gaps
like, 200 million years of back calculating
Observed changes inZ-Mb could be an indication of semiaquatic/amphibious phases
Seriously, this is confirming hypotheses and reshaping clades
If it quacks like a duck and has high Z-Mb...
1 more item...
body size directly correlates to t-max, but inversely with BMR
Exceptions to this are general species specific or due to environmental pressures
log(t-max)=0.223log(mass)+0.972log(MB-max)+0.0891
1 more item...