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Divided Germany: The Federal Republic and the DDR, USSR - Coggle Diagram
Divided Germany: The Federal Republic and the DDR
West Germany BRD/FRG
Adenauers Economic miracle
Social problems/policies
The Adenauer Era (Political)
Foreign policy
Aims
against attempts of unifying as it would leave the BRD neutralised and open to communist influence
establish full sovereignty of the BRD--> in 1950 the BRD was under the control of the Allied high commission
to create a united western Europe --> protected by the US
develop an anti soviet policy --> wanted a policy of strength to deter communist agression
1- European Intergration
in oct 1949 the BRD became a member of the OEEC + April 1951 it entered the ECSC
both precursors to what in the treaty of Rome 1957 became the EEC
this laid the foundations of an even closer union among the people of Europe
this was a turning point, not just for the BRD, but for the whole of europe
as the BRD was the largest member it was able to exert great economical and political influence
2- Political and Military intergration
the outbreak of the Korean War increased the fear of communism which led to a change in attitude between the US and Europe
therefore the US urged Europeans to make greater contribution to their own defence
YET
when France agreed to the creation of the EDC, Adenauer agreed to the BRD becoming a member, only if Germany was allowed full sovereignty
this was achieved in the 1954 Paris treaty which ended the occupational statute
the idea of German rearmament worried the east
NB- this led to further developments
2- BRD became a member of NATO in 1955
3- a rapprochement with France--> France agreed to return the Saar to the BRD in 1957. this was consolidated in his greatest triumph--> the signing of the French-German treaty in 1963 which established lasting friendship between the two
1- the creation of the Bundeswehr in 1955--> national army
3- Relations with USSR/DDR
Aim--> Undermine the DDR
Developed a strategy--> magnet theory--> build an economically strong BRD in order to attract support for a liberal democracy + facilitate the unification of Germany
Stalin had been unsettled by the BRD's rapid acceptance into the west
Therefore he attempted to undermine the BRD by sending a series of 'notes' suggesting the USSR gave up the DDR in favour of a united and neutral Germany
Why?
to present the right image--> propaganda
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Gain influence over Germany and prevent it from joining western alliances
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Adenauers aims
1- German Question
wanted a reunified Germany on capitalist terms
assured Germans that any unification would make no concessions to the soviets
wanted to attract East Germans to the West --> magnet theory--> 3 million East Germans fled before the wall in 1961
2- Economic policy
wanted to create economic stability
benefited from the Korean war--> spurred the German economy + created a boom out of a recession
3- Social Policy
wanted to overcome the problems of the poor
he wanted to give capitalism a human face
passed social reforms to counter the threat of communism
4- Western Intergration
he joined NATO
he wanted Germany to achieve full sovereignty
he feared the soviets--> looked to the west for protection
USSR