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Data Link Layer - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Data encapsulation
      - Media access control
- - - - All end systems chained together and terminated on each end
    - - Each end system is connected to its respective neighbors to form a ring
    - - Easy to install
      - Very scalable
      - Easy to troubleshoot
  - - - CSMA/CA
        
        Used by IEEE 802.11 WLANs.
        
        Operates in half-duplex mode
        
        Uses a collision avoidance process
      - Controlled access
        
        Deterministic access where each node has its own time on the medium
        
        Used on legacy networks(Token Ring/ARCNET)
      - CSMA/CD
        
        Used by legacy Ethernet LANs.
        
        Operates in half-duplex mode
        
        Uses a collision detection process
  - - - The simplest and most common WAN topology
      - Consists of a permanent link between two endpoints
      - Frames on the media can only travel to or from the two nodes
    - - Central site interconnects branch sites through point-to-point links.
    - - Provides high availability but requires every end system to be connected to every other end system