Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
BACKGROUND TO THE SOVIET REVOLUTION, image, image, image, image, image,…
BACKGROUND TO THE SOVIET REVOLUTION
Tsarist Russia
Grigori Rasputin (1869–1916)
mystic
cured the tsar’s eldest son (Alexei)
religious influence on the tsarina
symbol of declining Russian autocracy
accused of
manipulating the appointment of government positions
influencing the tsarina
being a German spy
assassinated in 1916
Russian Empire
unevenly distributed
Geat diversity of
nationalities
peoples
cultures
150 million inhabitants
The economy
develop industrially
standard of living was low
poverty was widespread
based on agriculture
Autocratic monarchy
sovereign was backed
the Orthodox Church
corrupt bureaucracy
feudal aristocracy
tsar: absolute ruler
Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party
1903: RSDWP split into two groups
Mensheviks
favoured an alliance with reformist liberalism
leader: Julius Martov
Bolsheviks
seizure of power by committed working-class minority
leader: Vladimir Lenin
opposition to tsarism
based on the liberal Europe
Marxist-inspired
working class does a revolution
eliminate injustice and inequality
From The Revolution Of 1905 To The Great War
Bloody Sunday
the tsar
was begged for
improvement in living conditions
repressed peaceful demonstration
massacred men, women and children
killed more than a thousand persons
opposing tsarism did a revolution
wave of popular outrage
final rupture
between the people and the tsar
Soviet
consisted of workers, peasants and soldiers
formed in St. Petersburg
prerevolutionary situation
peasant revolts and military uprisings
protests and workers’ strikes
main weapon
political strikes
Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905)
Russia was defeated
revealed weakness of the tsarist regime
economic, political and social crisis
competed for Korea and Manchuria
In 1905
agrarian reform
support for the liberal regime
project was cancelled
assassination of its promoter
Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin
in 1911
distribution of lands
Duma
theory: equivalent of a parliament
reality: controlled by the tsar
National Legislative Assembly
limited individual and citizens’ liberties
revolutionaries implemented reforms
to the tsar
summer of 1914
Tsar Nicholas II took the army
breakdown of civil power
collapse of the front
The war
produced the demoralisation
of the army and the people
new revolutionary outburst
worsened
living conditions
economic and social situation
World War I began
Trans-Siberian Railroad (1904)
connected the European part
and remote regions of the Russian Empire
Russian Empire in 1914
from the Western Empire to the Pacific Ocean
from the Arctic to Afghanistan
covered one sixth of the Earth’s surface
The Russian Empire In 1914
