Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Benjamin Wang Period 2 Reproductive System Concept Map - Coggle Diagram
Benjamin Wang
Period 2
Reproductive System Concept Map
Major functions of the Reproductive system
Male
Produces sperm to fertilize eggs inside of a female. Produces male sex hormones
Female
Producing egg cells to be fertilized by a sperm cell from a male. When fertilized the embryo is developed inside of the uterus. Nurtures offspring with milk from the nipples and produces female sex hormones.
Methods and Classification of contraceptive
Behavioral
Fertilely awareness
Withdrawal (pull out)
Surgical
Male sterlization
Female sterilization
IUD
Mechanical
Internal condom
Diphragm
External condom
Chemical
Injectables
Pill
Spermicides
Anatomy of male reproductive structures
Seminal vesicle
Secretes alkaline fluid that contains nutrients and
prostaglandins which helps regulate pH of semen
Prostate gland
Secretes fluid that contains citrate, nutrients for the sperm, liquifies semen chestnut shaped
Ductus deferens
Conveys sperm cells to ejaculatory duct (Ejaculatory duct travels through prostate gland, and empties its
contents into the urethra)
Bulbourethral (Cowper's) gland
Secretes fluid that lubricates end of penis
Epididymis
Sperm cell maturation, stores sperm and takes sperm to the ductus deferens
Scrotum
Encloses, protects, and regulates temperature of testes
Testis
Produce sperm cells (Seminiferous tubules) and produce male sex hormones (Interstitial cells)
Penis
Takes urine and semen to outside of body. Used to insert the vagina during sexual intercourse and has nerves for pleasure during sexual stim
Sperm cell
Midpiece (body): mitochondria
Flagellum (tail): allows movement
Head: nucleus and acrosome
Disorders associated with the reproductive system
Bacterial Vaginosis
Too much bacteria in a woman's vagina
Syphilis
An STD that can lead to serious complications if not treated but easily cured
PID
Infection in woman's reproductive system, caused by chlamydia and gonorrhea
Genital Herpes
An STD caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1/2
HPV/Genital Warts
Most common STI some have cancers
Chlamydia
A common STD that can be treated, can lead to infertilely
AIDS/HIV
Interferes with the bodies immune system
Gonorrhea
A common STD that affects the genitals, rectum and throat
Trichomoniasis
A common STD by a parasite (Trichomonas vaginalis) often go undetected
Hepatitis
B: Chronic or lifelong damage, often show no symptoms
C: Chronic or lifelong damage
A: Sick for a few weeks to a month
Anatomy of female reproductive structures
Labia majora
Enclose and protect other external reproductive organs
Labia minora
Protects openings of vagina and urethra
Vagina
Receives the penis during sexual intercourse and gives a passageway for offspring during childbirth
Clitoris
Produces feelings of pleasure during sexual stimulation
Uterus
Protects and sustains embryo during pregnancy
Vestibule
Space between labia minora that contains vaginal and
urethral openings
Uterine tube
site of fertilization
Vestibular glands
Secrete fluid that moistens and lubricates vestibule
Ovary
Produces oocytes and female sex hormones
Events of the female hormonal cycles
Follicular cells become corpus luteum cells, which secrete estrogens and
progesterone.
If secondary oocyte is not fertilized, the corpus luteum degenerates and stops secreting estrogens and progesterone
Follicular cells produce and secrete estrogens
Blood vessels in the endometrium constrict
The anterior pituitary releases a surge of LH, ovulation occurs
Uterine lining disintegrates and sloughs off, producing a menstrual flow.
FSH stimulates maturation and dominate follicle
anterior pituitary gland is no longer inhibited and again secretes FSH and LH
Anterior pituitary gland secretes FSH and LH
Repeat
Hormones of the reproductive system (male and female)
Male
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
promotes development of interstitial
cells of the testes, which then secrete male hormones (testosterone)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
stimulates sertoli cells of
seminiferous tubules to respond to testosterone (sertoli cells also secrete inhibin which helps prevent over secretion)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Triggers the production of gonadotropins from anterior pituitary
gland
Testosterone
Deep voice, body hair, thick skin, muscle and skeletal growth
Stimulates development of male reproductive organs
Female
Also contain GnRH LH and FSH
Estrogen
Breast development, sex organ enlargement, increased adipose tissue deposition, and Increased vascularization of the skin
Progesterone
Triggers uterine changes during the menstrual
cycle
Androgens
Growth of pubic and axillary hair; low androgen
concentration allows the broadening of the hips