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Social Effects of Industrial Revolution - Coggle Diagram
Social Effects of Industrial Revolution
Technological advancements
Agricultural technology advances
seed drill
horse drawn cultivator
New agricultural practices are introduced
crop rotation
new fertilizers
new livestock breeding techniques
The emergence of the factories
Richard Arkwright is famously known as the father of the factory system. To concept of existence of a factory starts to exist.
Factories are a success and become a main source of income for many people
Machinery
Mechanized production emerges
Power-driven machinery
Railroads are invented, as the roads are unable to accommodate the heavy traffic.
James Watt invents the steam engine, which replaces the Water Frame and further revolutionazies machinery evolution.
Henry Cort invents the puddling process, which means that coal can fuel the iron industry, so the "New Age of Heavy Industry" was introduced.
Architectual adancements
First apartment housing complexes are established due to the urbanization
Architectural industry grows remarkably, due to the urbanization the need of buildings in the towns with factories.
Family status
Children
Child labour is abused. Children are working long hours and are leaving an extremely unhealthy lifestyle including the existence of diseases. Most children are between the ages of 8 and 14.
Children struggle as many capitalists decide to employ them to do the same work as men, yet for a smaller salary.
Children cannot sleep or eat properly, thus often while being tired lose concentration in the machinery, which results in the loss of an arm, leg, or any other body part.
Most children could not attend school. Low levels of education due to the lack of money for schooling. There were many people working in the factories who were unable to read or write.
Women
Women struggle as many capitalists decide to employ them to do the same work as men, but pay them significantly less.
Women's long hair made it hard for them to work, as it often got stuck in machinery and sometimes got them injured or dead.
Men
Men, unhappy with the conditions of their wives and children, as they are being overworked. Alcoholism continues to spread, and transforms into a sort of epidemic.
Family unite is disrupted due to the exploit of every member of the family - children cannot be children anymore, wives are too working long hours, family members rarely see each other.
Diseases and addictions
Alcoholism
Excess consumption of alcohol, as it was highly stimulated by the stressful routine and the lowered costs of alcoholic drinks.
Diseases
As many diseases start to affect the population, the average life expectancy is 30 years.
At the beginning of the revolution, due to the new existence of canals, the Bubonic Plague ceased to exist
Extremely harsh work conditions, diseases emerge due to this - cancer, tuberculosis, etc. Also, there was no protection for workers in the factories and many of them got injured.
Pollution also emerges and causes many diseases, as a way to deal with it is not still invented.
Suicide
Suicide becomes a major part of the Industrial Revolution, as people cannot cope with the harsh environment.
Urbanization
The middle class grows, and now people can enjoy cultural life, that was previously only available to aristocrats - theatres, concerts, etc.
Enclosure Acts leave many people poor because they cannot compete with the machinery => they lose their jobs => available workers for factory => urbanization (people move to towns/villages where factories are available)
Poverty
Poverty characterises a big chunk of the population, there is not enough money for everyone.
Labour was at an extremely low price, especially as people were hired immediately after the potato famine in Ireland, as they needed money.
Landowining farmers and factory owners become rich at the expense of those who work hard for them.
At the beginning of the revolution, many common people exponentially increase their wealth.The positive effect of the emergence of factories, however, does not last long