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National Culture Difference The Model of Cultural Dimension by…
National Culture Difference
The Model of Cultural Dimension by Trompenaars
Universalism vs Particularism
What is more important, rules or relationship?
High importance is placed on laws, rules, values, and obligation
People deal with others better on these rules, but rules come before relationships
The USA, Canada, the UK, the Netherland, Germany, Scandinavia, etc.
Each circumstances and each relationship dictates the rules that people live by
People's response to the situation may change, based on what is happening in the moment and who is involved
Russia, Lantin Amarican, China, etc.
Individualism vs Collectivism (communitarianism)
Do we function in a group or as individual?
Personal freedom and achievement.
People believe that they make their own decisions
People believe that must take care of themselves
The USA, Canada, the UK, Australia, Scandinavia, etc.
Group is more important than an individual
The group providers help and safety in exchange for loyalty
Latin America, Africa, Russia, Japan, etc.
Neutral vs Emotional
Are we display our emotions?
It's welcome and accepted to show emotions even spontanously and even in work
Russia, Poland, Italy, France, Spain, Latin America, etc
People control their emotions, they do not reveal what they are thinking or how they are feeling
The UK, Sweden, the Netherlands, Germany, Finland, etc.
Specific vs Diffuse
Are we separate our private lives and business?
People keep work and personal lives separate
Relationships do not have impact on work objectives/achievements
People can work together without having good relationship
The USA, the UK, the Netherlands, Germany, Scandinavia, etc.
Good relationships are important to meeting business objectives
Relationships with others will be the same, whether they are at work or going social
People spend time with colleagues and clients outside work hours
Argentina, Spain, Russia, India, China
Achievements vs Ascription
Do we have to prove ourselves to receive status or is it declarative/given to us?
People are what they do, people value your performance no matter what you are
The USA, Canada, Australia, Scandinavia, etc.
People should be valued what they are
Social role matter, and these roles define personal and group behavior
Russia, Italy, France, Spain, Germany, Japan, Saudi Arabia, etc.
Squential vs Syncronic
Do we do things one at a time, or several things at once?
High value is placed on punctuality
Planning an sticking to plans are vital
Time is money
Japan, Canada, Scandinavia, the Netherlands, the USA, Germany, etc.
People often work on several projects at a time
Plans and commitments are flexible
China, Russia, Mexico, etc
Internal vs External Control
Do we control our environment or are we controlled by it?
People believe that nature and the environment control them
People must work with and through the environment to achieve their goals
China, Russia, Saudi Arabia, etc
People believe that they can control nature
Environments is for the achievement of people's goals
This also includes how people work with teams and within organizations
The USA, the UK, Australia, Israel, etc.