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Achieving Cohesion and Coherence - Coggle Diagram
Achieving Cohesion and Coherence
How to achieve cohesion
Cohesion
Grammatical cohesion which is based on structural content
Lexical cohesion which is based on lexical content an d background knowledge
A cohesive text is created in mant different ways
Substitution
Verbal
Clausal
Nominal
Lexical cohesion
Lexical chains
Hyponyms and superordinates
Words in the same lexical set
Synonyms
Cohesive nouns
Reference
pronouns
possessive
determiners
relative pronouns
Conjunction
between elements within a single
across sentences
Ellipsis
How to achieve coherence
Coherence
the order of space
deductive order - from general to specific
the order of time
inductive order - from specific to general
good transition
using pro-words to refer to words used in preceding sentences
being consistent in the person and number of nouns and pronouns and the tense of verbs
repeating words or word groups
using transitional expressions
using parallel structures
Summary
Various methods to achieve cohesion in writing
Several methods to achieve coherence in writing briefly
The importance of cohesion and coherence in writing