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Luis Madrigal 3rd Period Reproductive System - Coggle Diagram
Luis Madrigal 3rd Period Reproductive System
Events of Hormonal Cycles
Follicular Phase- phase of the estrous cycle during which follicles in the ovary mature from primary follicle to a fully mature graafian follicle. It ends with ovulation.
Ovulation- phase of the female menstrual cycle that involves the release of an egg (ovum) from one of the ovaries. It generally occurs about two weeks before the start of the menstrual period.
Menstration- the process in a woman of discharging blood and other materials from the lining of the uterus at intervals of about one lunar month from puberty until menopause, except during pregnancy.
Luteal Phase- begins around day 15 of a 28-day cycle and ends when you get your period. The luteal phase prepares your uterus for pregnancy by thickening your uterine lining. A disorder involving your luteal phase can affect getting and staying pregnant.
Major Functions
Male
Discharge sperm into the female reproductive tract
Produce and secrete male sex hormones
Produce, maintain, and transport sperm ( the male reproductive cells) and semen (the protective fluid around sperm
Female
producing female sex hormones, such as progesterone and estrogen
Providing an environment for a fertilized egg to develop during pregnancy
releasing eggs, which can potentially be fertilized by sperm
Facilitating labor and childbirth
Anatomy of Female
Vagina- provides a passageway for blood and mucosal tissue from the uterus during a woman's monthly period
Cervix- allows fluids to flow inside and out of your uterus
Vulva- acts as the gate for the uterus or womb and provides protection by opening and closing of the lips of the vulva
Uterus- nourish the developing fetus prior to birth
Fallopian tubes- channels for oocyte transport and fertilization
Ovaries- create the female gamete, ovum, or oocytes through the process of oogenesis. The ovary also functions as an endocrine gland, producing female sex hormones
Clitoris- to enable you to experience sexual pleasure
Anatomy of Male
Testes- produces spermatozoa, the male gametes
Scrotum- protecting the testes
Penis- urination and sexual intercourse
Prostate Gland- production of a fluid that, together with sperm cells from the testicles and fluids from other glands, makes up semen
Vas deferens- transport sperms cells from the respective epididymis to the ipsilateral ejaculatory duct
Urethra- allow passage of urine and semen
Epididymis- the male sex glands that produce sperm
Seminal vesicle- semen coagulation, sperm motility, and stability of sperm chromatin and suppression of the immune activity in the female reproductive tract
Contraceptives
Female Sterilization- an operation to permanently prevent pregnancy. The fallopian tubes are blocked or sealed to prevent the eggs reaching the sperm and becoming fertilised.
Male Sterilization- a procedure performed on a man that will permanently keep him from being able to get a woman pregnant
Withdrawl- a traditional family planning method in which the man completely removes his penis from the vagina, and away from the external genitalia of the female partner before he ejaculates
IUD- A small, plastic T-shaped device that is placed inside the uterus (the small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis in which a fetus develops) to prevent pregnancy.
Fertility Awareness- set of practices used to determine the fertile and infertile phases of a woman's menstrual cycle. Fertility awareness methods may be used to avoid pregnancy, to achieve pregnancy, or as a way to monitor gynecological health
Injectables- Combined injectable contraceptives are a form of hormonal birth control for women. They consist of monthly injections of combined formulations containing an estrogen and a progestin to prevent pregnancy
External Condom- a thin, protective sheath that fits snugly over the penis or sex toy during sex
Pill- A pill used to prevent pregnancy. It contains hormones that block the release of eggs from the ovaries. Most oral contraceptives include estrogen and progestin
Internal Condom- A female (or internal) condom is a pouch that's inserted in the vagina or anus before sex for birth control and protection against sexually transmitted infection
Spermicides- A chemical substance that kills sperm and is used as a type of birth control. It is available over-the-counter (without a doctor's order) and comes in many different forms such as cream, gel, foam, and suppository.
Diaphragm- a circular dome made of thin, soft silicone that's inserted into the vagina before sex. It covers the cervix so sperm cannot get into the womb (uterus) to fertilise an egg.
Hormones
Male
FSH- helps control the production of sperm
LH- causes the Leydig cells of the testes to produce testosterone
Testosterone- regulate sex drive (libido), bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength, and the production of red blood cells and sperm
Female
Progesterone- to prepare the endometrium (lining of your uterus) for a fertilized egg to implant and grow
FSH- helps control the menstrual cycle and the production of eggs by the ovaries
Estrogen- esponsible for developing female sexual characteristics
LH- triggers the creation of steroid hormones from the ovaries
Diseases/Disorders
Gonorrhea- a venereal disease involving inflammatory discharge from the urethra or vagina.
Hepatits B- A serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus that's easily preventable by a vaccine.
Chlamydia- a very small parasitic bacterium which, like a virus, requires the biochemical mechanisms of another cell in order to reproduce. Bacteria of this type cause various diseases including trachoma, psittacosis, and nonspecific urethritis.
Trichomoniasis- A sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite.
AIDS/HIV- AIDS is a chronic immune system disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Genital Herpes- a disease characterized by blisters in the genital area, caused by a variety of the herpes simplex virus.
Genital Warts- a small growth occurring in the anal or genital areas, caused by a virus that is spread especially by sexual contact.
Syphillis- a chronic bacterial disease that is contracted chiefly by infection during sexual intercourse, but also congenitally by infection of a developing fetus.
PID- An infection of the female reproductive organs.
It usually occurs when sexually transmitted bacteria spread from the vagina to the womb (uterus), fallopian tubes, or ovaries.