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Cross Cultural Communication - Coggle Diagram
Cross Cultural Communication
Coaching is Communication (Rosinski, p.153)
Context
High: Context conveys information (Rosinski, p.154)
Relational focus (Rosinski, p.155)
Low: Words convey information (Rosinski, p.154)
Detail focus of implementation (Rosinski, p.155)
Delivery
Direct
Straightforwardness is a virtue (Rosinski, p.161)
Indirect
Communication through implicit meaning helps save face. (Rosinski, p.161)
Types (Rosinski, p.161)
Mediation
Refraction
Metaphors
Hints
Emotion
Affective
A wise and respected person speaks from the heart, using emotions (Rosinski, p.164)
Neutral
Clear thinking over feelings (Rosinski, p.164-165)
Style
Formal
Emphasis on ritual and protocol to preserve image and status (Rosinski, p.168)
Informal
Casual, relaxed, and spontaneous (Rosinski, p.168)
Thought Modes (Rosinski, p.177)
Analytical
Tackles problems by decomposing them (Rosinski, p.183)
Systemic
Brings parts together into a cohesive whole (Rosinski, p.183)
Deductive
Abstract thinking style (Rosinski, p.177) overall principles and guiding philosopy (Rosinski, p.179)
Inductive
Thought derived through analysis of data (Rosinski, p. 178) real life application (Rosinski, p.179)
Communication
Contexting
A common context is necessary for effective communication according to the work of Eric Law. (Johnson p.69)
External context includes physical location and expected roles (Johnson p.69)
Internal context includes social and spiritual environments (Johnson p.69)
Types of context cultures
High context cultures feature tradition and authority, change slow. (Johnson p.70)
Communication is internalized and indirect. (Johnson p.70)
Conflict communication ambiguous (Johnson p.71)
Low Context cultures feature individualism (Johnson p.70)
Communication features much encoded information (Johnson p.70)
Conflict communication straightforward (Johnson p.71)
Ways of handling conflict in cross context communication styles from Eric Law
Explore their own communication styles and the consequences (Johnson p.72)
Authentic expression (Johnson p.72)
Separate meeting for sub groups (Johnson p.72)
Use of non-word media (Johnson p.72)
Mutual trust as foundation for empathy and interpathy (Johnson p.74)
Non-Verbal Communication
Learn these display rules by encountering a broad cross section of people from a particular culture (Johnson p.76)
Decoding skills: cautiously observing which non-verbal behaviors are received positively and which are not (Johnson p.77)
Jesus Culture communication (Johnson p.79)
Search for common ground (Johnson p.80)
Commitment to use shared realities (Johnson p.80)
Risk taking in breaking cultural taboos (Johnson p.80)
Non-verbal communication in counseling
Functions
expressing emotion (Fontes p. 81)
Conveying interpersonal attitudes (Fontes p. 81)
Presenting personality (Fontes p. 81)
Supplementing speech (Fontes p. 81)
Rituals (Fontes p. 81)
A product of nature and culture (Fontes p. 82)
Types
Gestures
Pointing and beckoning (Fontes p. 83)
Avoid risky gestures and use words when unfamiliar with a culture (Fontes p. 85)
Ask questions about unfamiliar non-verbal responses (Fontes p. 85)
Greeting and leave taking (Fontes p.85)
Showing attentiveness (Fontes p.89)
Posture (Fontest p.89)
Gait (Fontes p.91)
Eye contact arouses strong emotions (Fontest p.91), and should not be basis to make judgments ((Fontest p.92)
Expressing emotions (Fontes p.93) Some asian cultures choose not to share through facial expression (Fontes p.94)
Varies by gender as well (Fontes p.95)
Expressing pain and distress (Fontes p.96) cannot be judged by facial expression. This can be helped by asking them to physically show their pain using their hands.
Touch (Fontes p.97)
Personal Space (Fontes p.101) Tune into signals and adjust your distance (Fontes p.102) Watch their behavior with others. Pay attention to relational context (Fontes p.102)
Smiling and laughing (Fontes p.103)
Signs of agreement and disagreement--ask "Is that a 'yes'?" (Fontes p.105)
Clothing is a form of communication (Fontes p.106)
A fundamental error is attributing behaviors to internal characteristics rather than circumstances. (Fontes p.106)
We cannot avoid emotional response to interviewee's clothing (Fontes p.107)
Body Modifications (Fontes p.107)
Communicating about communicating (Fontes p.104)
Most important for interviewer: friendly and open attitude (Fontes p.109)