Tuberculosis (TB)

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

DDX

INVESTIGATIONS

MANAGEMENT

HEALTH EDUCATION

click to edit

click to edit

  1. HIV infection
  1. Drug-resistant TB

click to edit

1.Bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

click to edit

  1. Bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  1. HIV infection
  1. Drug-resistant TB

4.Risk factors:

  • Weakened immune system (HIV/DM)
  • Traveling or living in certain areas
  • Using substances
  • Using tobacco
  • Living or working in a residential care facility

click to edit

• Lack of appetite and weight loss

• A high temperature

• Night sweats

• Extreme tiredness or fatigue

• Most TB infections affect the lungs, which can cause:

• A persistent cough that lasts more than 3 weeks and usually brings up phlegm, which may be bloody

• Breathlessness that gradually gets worse

click to edit

• Treatment for tuberculosis (TB) usually involves taking antibiotics for several months.

• Directly Observed Therapy (DOT).

• 2 antibiotics (isoniazid and rifampicin) for 6 months

• 2 additional antibiotics (pyrazinamide and ethambutol) for the first 2 months of the 6-month treatment period

click to edit

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Droplet nuclei(coughing,sneezing,laughi ng)

Exposure to TB

• CLOSE CONTACT WITH SOME ONE WHO HAVE

ACTIVE TB.

• IMMUNO COMPROMISED STATUS (ELDERLY,CANCER)

• DRUG ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM

• PEOPLE LACKING ADEQUATE HEALTH CARE

O PRE EXISTING MEDICAL CONDITIONS DIABETES

INCIDENCE OF TB.

• INSTITUTIONALISATION(LONG TERM CARE FACILITIES)