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The circulatory system - Coggle Diagram
The circulatory system
Lungs and gas exchange
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alveolus have thin walls which are one cell thick - increases the rate at which carbon dioxide and oxygen can diffuse across
blood vessels
Capillaries
Are used for exchange nutrients and oxygen with tissues, they are really small and take away waste products, single cells big, low pressure.
Veins
Carry blood back to the heart, has the biggest lumen and has thin wall because of the low pressure so doesn"t need to be strong
Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart, blood is high pressure so walls need to be thick, elastic material.
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blood
Platelets
has no nucleus, floats around in the blood, this is used for clotting the blood once you have cut something and also stops pathogen entering the cut
Plasma
helps the flow of blood, carries everything including red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, amino acids and proteins
White blood cells
produces antibodies and antitoxins, this cell has a nucleus
Red blood cells
to carry oxygen from our lungs to tissue, they don"t have a nucleus this gives more space fro haemoglobin and oxygen, it is shaped like a biconcave disk this gives it a larger surface area.
cardiovascular disease
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CHD - coronary arteries, fat builds up in the arteries and lumen becomes narrower resulting in less oxygen getting around the body and leading to heart attacks
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Valves can get damaged or weakened this can be a problem because not enough blood can get through also blood can leak backwards.
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heart failure
how to fix this?
artifical heart replacement this are good because you don"t have to wait for a donar however they are only a temporary fix.
A new heart this would mean waiting for a donar heart this can take a while and also the heart could be rejected by the patient