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A Global Conflict - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Allies believed they could take Constantinople, defeat the Turks, and establish a supply line to Russia
        
        Why did the Allies want to establish a supply line to Russia?
        
        Because they needed to aid them in the war. Russia really only had 1 front that was boardering with Austria and Germany, so they needed a better way to help them.
      - Was a gateway to the Ottoman capital, Constantinople
      - Feb. 1915- Gallipoli campaign
        
        British, Australian, New Zealand, and French Troops attacked Gallipoli Peninsula on western side of strait
        
        Turned into another bloody stalemate
        
        Both side dug trenches for about a year
        
        Allies gave up campaign and evauated
        
        Suffered about 250,000 casulaties
        
        Concept: War
  - - - Japanese overran German outposts in China
      - Germany's Pacific island colonies were also captured
      - English and French troops captured 3 of Germany's four African possessions
    - - Some wanted nothing to do with their European rulers' conflicts
      - Others thought that service might lead to independence
        
        Mohandas Gandhi
        
        “If we would improve our status through the help and cooperation of the British,” he wrote, “it was our duty to win their help by standing by them in their hour of need.”
        
        More about Gandhi
      - Concept: Empire
  - - - Germans intensified the submarines warfare, and in January, the Germans announced that their submarines would sink without warning any ship around Britain ("Unrestricted Submarine warfare")
        
        Germans had tried this before- May 7, 1915, German U-boat sunk the Lusitania
        
        Lusitania was a British passenger ship
        
        Left 128 U.S citizens dead
        
        Germany claimed the ship was carrying ammo, which was false
        
        Caused America to be outraged
        
        Pres. Wilson sent protest to Germany, and Germany finally agreed to stop attacking neutral and passenger ships
    - - The Zimmerman Note: Officials intercepted a telegram written by Arthur Zimmerman- Germany's foreign secretary
        
        Stated Germany would help Mexico reconquer its land in the U.S if Mexico would ally with Germany
        
        Concept: Conquest
        
        Was the last straw for U.S
        
        Most of America favored the Allies- specifically England due to shared ancestry and language. More important, America had stronger economic ties with the Allies
        
        April 2, 1917- Pres. Wilson asked congress to join the war, and days later, U.S joined on side of the Allies.
        
        How did the Zimmerman Note draw America into the war?
        
        It gave the U.S a solid reason to side with the allies since Germany was making secret plans against the them. After the Lusitania, the U.S was just waiting for a solid reason to join the war, and this was it.
        
        Concept: War
        
        Zimmerman Note
- - - - Why might Westerners have experienced disillusionment in the wake of World War I?
        
        Despair at the tremendous loss of life and economic devastation and at the uselessness of all of the suffering that took place.
        
        The First World War destroyed empires, created numerous new nation-states, encouraged independence movements in Europe's colonies, forced the United States to become a world power and led directly to Soviet communism and the rise of Hitler
        
        The event that sparked the conflagration was the assassination of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, in 1914
        
        Most of the casualties during WWI are due to war related famine and disease. Civilian deaths due to the Spanish flu have been excluded from these figures, whenever possible. Moreover, civilian deaths include the Armenian Genocide.
        
        World War I took the lives of more than 9 million soldiers; 21 million more were wounded. Civilian casualties numbered close to 10 million.
- - - - This then because a total war, where countries devote all of their supplies and resources to this effort.
        
        Some countries dedicated their entire force of government to win this. Countries included Britain, Germany, Russia, and France.
        
        In each country, the wartime government took control of the economy and government told factories how much they could produce.
        
        Why did the wartime governments take control of their countries' economies ?
        
        They wanted all to make sure all the resources were being devoted for winning the war.
        
        Many facilities were turned into munition factories and almost every civilian was put to work. Unemployment in a lot of European countries disappeared.
        
        A lot of goods were in short supply so governments turned to rationing. Then, people could only buy small amounts of items that were needed for war efforts too. But, then rationing covered a wide range of goods.
        
        Why did the Total War lead to rationing?
        
        They were already in short supply of goods. So they had to do something about it. So then, they just made it where you bought smaller amounts because they were being used for war efforts.
        
        2 more items...
        
        Rationing