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A Global Conflict - Coggle Diagram

- - - - It was a gateway to the Ottoman capital, Constantinople.
        
        By securing the Dardanelles, the Allies believed that they could take Constantinople, and defeat the Turks, and establish a supply line to Russia.
      - In February of 1915 they began the effort to take the Dardanelles strait. (The Gallipoli Campaign)
        
        British, Australian, New Zealand, and French troops made repeated assaults on the Gallipoli Peninsula on the Western side of the strait
        
        Turkish troops were commanded by German officers, to defend the region.
        
        By May Gallipoli had turned into stalemate.
        
        Both sides dug trenches, which they battled in for the rest of the year
        
        In December, the Allies gave up the campaign and began to evacuate.
        
        They suffered about 250,00 casualties
  - - - The Japanese overran German outposts in China.
        
        Also captured Germany's Pacific island colonies.
        
        English and French troops attacked Germany's four African possessions.
        
        They took control of three.
        
        Elsewhere in Asia and Africa British and French recruited subjects in their colonies for the struggle.
        
        Fighting troops as well as laborers came from places like India, South Africa, Senegal, Egypt, Algeria, and Indochina.
        
        Many fought and died. Others worked to keep the front lines supplied.
        
        Some colonial subjects wanted nothing to do with their European ruler's conflicts. Others volunteered in the hope that service would lead to their independence.
  - - - The same year, the Germans intensified the submarine warfare that had raged in the Atlantic Ocean shortly after the war started.
        
        In January of 1917, the Germans had announced that their submarines would sink without warning any ships in the water around Britain.
        
        The policy was called unrestricted submarine warfare.
      - May 7, 1915, a German submarine/U-boat, sunk that British passenger ship (Lusitania). This attack had killed 1198 people which also included 128 U.S. citizens. Germany had also claimed the ship had carried ammunition, which was true.
        
        More about the Lusitania
- - - - They took control of the factories and told them what to make and how much to make to keep up with the war's demands
  - - - Things that they needed in the war would be sold more as rations because it was hard for the military to keep up on supplies
- - - - Lenin was the communist leader who took control after the Russian civil war. He immediately pulled Russia out of WW1 by signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
        
        With Russia out of the war the Germans could send more troops to the west. This worked for a while, and they were able to make their way back to the Marne River. Their efforts however were actually too much, as the Germans had used up all their supplies and were beginning to be pushed back.
        
        With help from tanks and fresh American troops the Allies pushed Germany back. The central powers began to crumble with Ottomans and Bulgarians surrendering first. Revolts in Austria-Hungary caused them to also drop out.
        
        The German Kaiser Wilhelm II stepped down in November. Germany was declared a republic and met with a French Commander to sign an armistice. With this WW1 ended.
        
        How did the surrender of the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria and the revolution in Austria-Hungary lead to the end of World War I?
        
        After Germany lost all of its allies there was no longer any hope. Even though Germany was a powerhouse militarily it stood no chance against the other superpowers of the world crashing in on them from every angle possible.
        
        The Second Battle of the Marne
        
        What effect did the Russian Revolution have on Russia’s role in World War I?
        
        The Russian Revolution led to Russia completely leaving WW1. The party that was left in charge of Russia after its great struggle was the Bolsheviks. Their leader Lenin called for the truce as his people were tired of the fighting, and because of it Russia lost a significant amount of land.
      - Russian Revolution
- - - - The survivors of the war were not left unmarked either. Many Europeans felt insecure after the war, and it can be seen in their artwork and writing.
        
        Finally, the ending to the war did not go over very well either. Even after great debate, the peace agreement that was meant to bring more security to Europe instead created even more anger.
        
        Peace: The absence of conflict or war.
        
        The Treaty of Versailles
        
        Why might Westerners have experienced disillusionment in the wake of World War I?
        
        Westerners might have experienced disillusionment after WW1 because they never imagined that WW1 would become what it did. Many people thought that the war would be quick and mobile thanks to the advanced new armies and technology. These advanced new armies and technology, instead of preventing deaths like everyone thought, made the warfront way more efficient when it comes to racking up casualties.
      - What strategies new to World War I probably contributed to the destruction of homes, villages and farms?
        
        While it was obvious that the war would bring devastation to Europe, the extreme advancement of technology led to devastation beyond what anyone thought could happen. New technology like poison gas, artillery, and tanks made it easier for armies to completely destroy areas.