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Ornithology (The study of birds)_ - Coggle Diagram
Ornithology (The study of birds)_
Radar Ornithology
(Taking in bird migration patterns as they take off, land, and fly using radar. Strong Doppler radar can be used to monitor birds in large distances and smaller more detailed ones can track speed of birds as well.)
Acoustic Remote Sensing
(Uses sodar to sense wind flow, direction, and is basically echolocation but generally on weather structures. Can be used on birds)
BIRDRAD
(Radar used to detect birds, with small wavelengths but able to detect vast distances)
3 Centimeter Wavelength
(3 centimeters in between points on a wave that are at similar points on different waves, used in bird radar for better effectiveness)
Pattern of Migration
(Exactly how birds migrate, what they constantly do and how they do it)
Migration Stopover
Areas
(Places in which birds stop to rest for a night or just overall to rest, eat, and drink)
Roost Rings
(A common occurrence when migrating birds take off from where they are staying and go to forage, leading to huge dense masses of birds that show up on radar)
Migratory Hotspot
Places in which huge amounts of birds gather to rest and refuel, often along a flyway and generally very large.
Nocturnal Migration
(Migration at night)
Migration dynamics
: How populations change when birds migrate, how their behavior affects the overall species and nature of the area.
Migration Strategies
: How exactly birds choose to migrate, where they go and when they go
Migratory Flyways:
Basically highways for migrating birds, in which many birds use to migrate due to length of the flyway and resources along it, often passing over oceans.
Big Data Ornithology
(Using huge amounts of data from all over the country to use for research on ornithology
Resource Phenology
: Study of how resources and the timing of large events in nature relate to each other.
Habitat Fragmentation:
Habitat being separated from itself throughout human development, making distances between patches of nature greater
Riparian Forests
: Forests/habitats that are close to water
Deciduous Forests:
A forest that loses its leaves in fall and gains them back in spring, where the ecosystem is based off of this whole dynamic
Conservation Ornithology
: Analyzing data on birds overall and using it to figure out how to best help the population
Multiple Hierarchal Criteria
Different parts of a classification being categorical, eg nocturnal gleaning insectivore
Optimal Foraging Theory
A theory that organisms have certain systems and strategies in order to get the most food possible in the least time and least energy.
Metabolic Rate
Rate at which metabolism occurs, in birds it’s very high as they use large amounts of energy for lift
Foraging Behavior
How exactly organisms forage and gather food, what they do during this and the methods they use.
Foraging Intensity
Amount of time spent, material gathered, and number of stops made to forage when an organism forages
Avian Caching
Birds storing food in a certain place to have a steady food supply that they and only they control.
Territorial Behavior
Behavior of a species/individual to protect its own area, and staying in that area
Bimodal Pattern
A pattern that has two highest points.
Transition Zones
Areas between different landscapes and zones, in which the overall landscape changes to something new.
Semi natural
Partially manmade and partially natural
Calcareous grasslands
Grasslands on a base of calcium carbonate, a seminatural habitat in many areas of Germany
Mesic Grasslands
Grasslands containing moderate amounts of moisture, often home to a unique amount of bird life
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Avian Foraging
Foraging Guilds
A group of organisms/species that use similar strategies to forage and get food, tending to eat the same food.
Predation Pressure
Psychological and actual results of a predator on a population
Predation risk allocation hypothesis
How animals will forage, eat, and behave a certain why due to amount of predation pressure.
Foliage Cover
The amount of ground which is covered by foliage, the overall percentage.
Bird Diversity
How diverse the birds are, how may different species exist in one area/habitat.
Breeding Bird assemblages
Different species/groups of breeding birds
Heterogeneity
Multiple different types
Biota
The amount of plants and animals in a given region, and their diversity
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Microhabitat
A habitat that is encompassed in a larger environment but has different conditions and surroundings
Urban Predator
A predator in urban areas, that has adapted to the environment it lives in
Apex Predator
A predator that is not hunted and is at the top of the food chain
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Generalist
A species that can live in many places and adapts well to it’s environments
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Breeding Performance
Amount of successful breeding over a lifetime
Reproductive success data
The data collected about the success of a breeding bird (in this context) in reproducing
Fledgling
A young bird that just fledged (or got it’s flying feathers)
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Tree Density
How close trees are together
Vegetation Complexity
How diverse and dense the vegetation in a given area, leading to how the ecosystem works and is supported.
Avian Malaria
A disease spread by mosquitoes that can kill a large population of birds, caused by the Plasmodium parasite.
Reservoir Species
A species in which a parasite gets larger, multiplies, and gets more dangerous.
Triplicate Survey
3-part survey/form
Generalist Diet
A diet in which an organism doesn’t hugely prefer anything on its diet, eating what it can
Host Mosquito
Mosquitos that carry the parasite for a specific disease, in this case, avian malaria.
Migratory Bird Population
(The sheer amount of birds that are migrating or migrate yearly)
Spatial Scales
: Size of which something happens at