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History of film, Beginning of animation, American industry 1900 = pre…
History of film
Shadow Figure:
Ombres Chinoises / Chinese Shadow > Wayang Kulit
Projectile :
Phantasmagoria > Lanterna Magica
Optical Illusion :
Thaumatrope > Filoscope > Zeotrope > Praxinoscope > Mutoscope > discovery of our brain 16 pictures but camera 24 frames/second
Moving Image :
Celluloid films > Kinetograph > Kinetoscopes > Phantascope
The lumiere brothers
Lyons Factory
Cinematographe
1st commercial exhibition in Paris 28 december 1895
Nickelodeon (1900)
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Beginning of animation
Vaudeville Act
Fantasmagorie (chalk kid)
Gertie the dinosaur
Windscor Mccay
Little nemo (comic)
American industry 1900 = pre-hollywood
New york
Nickelodeon Boom
Jack, Albert, Sam and Harry Warner (warner brothers)
Carl Laemmle (universal)
Louis B. Mayer (Metro Goldwyn Mayer)
Adolph Zukor (Paramount)
William Fox (20th Century Fox)
Motion Picture Patents corporation
Edison begin to take patent infringement
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Film D'Art (French Cinema)
adaptation in 1908. Stationary camera , busy frame
In The Silent Era
Abel Gance : was napoleon
Polyvision : 3 screen interlocking process
Impressionist cinema
The smiling Madame Beudet
Germaine Dulac
Poetic metonyms in language
experiments in texture and form in painting
Composed sequences of unrelated scenes, defied logic as well as symbolic system
Rene Clair
An Andalusian Dog
Luis Bunuel
Shocking sequences designed to challenge any audience
Aggressive amount of bizarre, dreamlike imagery
The Passion of Joan Arc
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3 seperate screens positioned to one giant canvas
Hollywood system
1930 America 90M peep rewatch movie avoid cold / confines of their homes
Major Studio
The Big Five
paramount, 20th fox cent, warner brother, RKO rad pic inc.
The little three
Universal Pictures, United Artist, Colombia Pictures
A = top casts & directors + luxury schedule
B = 1 or 2 weeks on existing sets using 2nd string player under contract to studio for max economy.
C = Shorts, cartoons, serials. Shot on microscopic budget 2/3 days from barest of scripts
The Studio Works
Studio bosses buy properties, choose stars, assign writers, directors and crew.
Multiple writers are often used on each project.
They were all under strict contract (and were sometimes loaned to other studios) for a lengthy period of time.
Hollywood produces regular B pictures , usually made to bring in money and acted as a training ground for crew and stars.
Project initiated top to down
The Star System
Actors and actresses were contract players bound up in seven- year contracts to a single studio.
Studios had enormous control over stars, managing their publicity, how they looked, what roles they got and how they lived.
Vertical Integration
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