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NEOPLASM it is defined as a mass of tissue formed as result of abnormal…
NEOPLASM it is defined as a mass of tissue formed as result of abnormal,excessive,uncoordinated,autonomus and purposeless proliferation of cells. Term NEOPLASIA includes both benign and malignant. 
ROUTES METASTASIS Haematogenou spread
Lymphatic Spread Direct Implantation Spread through
CerebroSpinal Fluid
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CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOURS 1.WHO classification 2.Classification based on origin of tumours 3. Classification based on site of
lesions
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON ORIGIN OF TUMOURS
1.Primary bone tumors
2.Metastatic bone tumours
3.Tumour like lesions
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Skip Metastasis
• A skip metastasis, is defined as a tumor nodule that is
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Intra Osseous Skip Mets , Transarticular Skip Mets
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STAGING OF TUMOURS
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– It is determined by clinical examination, Investigations and
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- ENNEKING `S STAGING SYSTEM
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- TNM STAGING ( Union International Cancer centre Geneva
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INVESTIGATIONS
1.COMPLETE BLOOD PICTURE
2.INCREASED PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN
3.SERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE(ALP)
4.ANTISARCOMA ANTIBODIES
5.OSTEOCALCIN
6.SERUM CALCIUM
7.ABNORMAL SERUM PROTEIN
1.CT scan 2.MRI 3. PET-Positron Emission Tomography 4.Angiography 5.Nuclear imaging-Bone scan 6.Ultrasound 7.Biopsy.
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