peoples in cities
oppotunities
challenges
education
employment
enable people to gain useful knowledge and skills
engage in paid work
buy food, water and other necessity
increased environmental pollution
competition for natural resources
build infrastructure and supply materials for industrial use
water pollution
air pollution
disposed directly into waterways
water quality is reduced
threatens human health and aqua life
the use of coal to generate electricity, high volume of vehicular traffic and emission from factories
leads to respriatory infection, lung cancer, heart disease and even death.
poor heath leads to increased demand for healthcare services
water resource
land resource
competition for land limits the construction and expansion of reservoirs. Water catchment areas and ground water are also affected as more natural vegetation becomes concrete surfaces :
e.g. cape town in south africa
land is needed to accommodate the large and growing population so if there is a lack of land, they will expand towards rural areas, leveling hills and replacing forest and farmland, old buildings may be deconstucted to make new taller one to accomedate more