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Education Policy & Inequality (1944-now), Education overview timeline…

- - - - Gerwitz - MYTH OF PARENTOCRACY - argues increased parental choice advantages MC parents as they have higher economic and cultural capital
        MC parents are 'skilled choosers'
        
        Parents' economic and cultural capital = education capital for their children
        
        Higher cultural capital - knowing how the admissions system works, network of MC parents to share information, entitlement and knowing how to work the system (negotiate, talk about MC topics to build relationships with teachers, elaborated speech code)
        
        Higher economic capital - can afford travel to better schools further away
        
        WC are 'disconnected choosers'
        
        Lower cultural capital - do not understand admissions process, less confident dealing with schools, cannot work the system, unaware of all their options, less connected via networks of parents
        
        Lower economic capital - chose local schools as cannot afford travel, may not be the best school
      - David (institute of education - biased) - argues the marketisation of education has created a 'parentocracy' - a power shift from schools (producers) to parents (consumers - views it as a positive change
    - - Bartlett - league tables and funding formula reproduce class inequalities as they give high-ranking schools more choice over which students they recruit
        
        'Cream-skimming' = high-ranked schools 'cream-skin' high achieving MC pupils who benefit for the schools higher funding, status, etc
        
        'Silt-shifting' = high-ranked schools 'silt-shift' the low achieving WC pupils who would damage their reputation on league table (status, grades, image,etc)
      - Gilbourn & Youdell - A-C Economy - league tables make schools too focused on raising standard on paper and do not actually bring out the potential of all students (capitalist ideas - quantity over quality)
        
        Schools too focused on students who can achieve grades in the A-C range
        
        Students in the A-C range already are not encouraged to improve as they have already met the standards which would make the school the good on a league table
        
        Failing students and super high-achievers are not worth the teachers effort or time as they will inevitably fail or get good grades without teachers help (think: bottom sets in secondary school - messing around, labelled as underachievers)
        
        Students at the very top (A*) and bottom (F) are disadvantaged as they
        
        Educational Triage = process of streaming which sorts pupils into:
        
        Hopeless cases (Fs) - bottom sets, left to fail
        
        Borderline pupils (C/D) - these students are given most attention
        
        Those who will pass without help (B/A/A*)
- - - - Criticisms - tokenism - uses stereotypical features of cultures to include in the curriculum but does not tackle the root cause: institutional racism (could MCE 'other' minority ethnic cultures - eg multicultural food evenings differentiate it from normal school food?)