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Internationalism and Unilateralism - Coggle Diagram
Internationalism and Unilateralism
Internationalism vs. Unilateralism
Internationalism
"Going it together"; optimistic
Working towards collective international solutions for domestic and foreign problems
Dominant ideology since the end of WWII, creation of United Nations
Unilateralism
"Going it alone"; pessimistic
Isolationist foreign and domestic policy, focus on internal affairs; nationalism
Gained traction during the Great Depression as a result of economic strife, uprooting internationalist experiments post-WWI
Recently undergoing a resurgence in developed countries
Trump era isolationism
Brexit
Conflicting views in USA
United States was historically isolationist
Disdain for European political system
Economic protectionism
Opened up post-WWI, withdrew due to economic hardship
American lack of participation in League of Nations partially blamed for WWII
Perpretrators would have been less likely to engage in war if defeat was certain
Used to oppose later isolationism
Today, stil debates over how involved the US should be in international organizatons, foreign conflicts
"America First"
NATO
Created 1949
First military alliance involving the United States formulated during peacetime
Persisted past the expiration of its intended purpose (containing the Soviet Union's influence)
Spurred on by economic prosperity; American economy spared the worst devastation of WWII
Modern Skepticism
USA
Trump era saw criticism of NATO due to somewhat disproportionate amount of financial and defensive contribution by the United States
Then Pres. Trump considered withdrawing from NATO over these concerns
Europe
France developed independent nuclear capacity due to doubt about American commitment to mutual defense