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Korean War - Coggle Diagram
Korean War
2.2 To what extent was the Korean War more of a civil war than a proxy war?
Withdrawal of the USA and the Soviet Union from Korea
Signified that thee superpowers did not initially intend to be heavily involved in Korean affairs.
Limited support from the USA and the Soviet Union from 1948 to early 1950
Convinced the external powers to provide economic and military aid
Barely any military support were given.
Border clashes between North and South Korea
1949-1950, South korea initiated it to capture terriitory in the North.
Incapable of launching successful offensive attacks.
Development from civil war to proxy war
Soivet support for North Korea's invasion
NKPA organised and trained
Successfully pushed the South Korean and UN forces to Pusan
USA entered in the Korean War to support South Korea.
Threaten by the invasion of South Korea from the North. Truman believed that the invasion was a step to spread communism
UN involvement in Korean War. 25 June 1950
Used to condemn North Korea's aggression
Condemned to withdraw to the North of the 38th parallel
Failed, employed the use of force on 27 June 1950
Success initially, General Douglas MacArthur was placed in charged of the UN joint Command. South Korean forces heavily dependent on the American and UN forces
Under heavy air bombardment and with their communications cut, the North Korean forces were forced to flee north across the 38th parallel.
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Soviet Union boycotting the Security Council
UN gave Taiwan a seat instead of the People's Republic of China.
Missed the chance to veto the UN's decision to send UN fores to Korea two days after the North Korean invasion.
Stalemate and MacArthur's dismissal
By April 1951, the two sides reaches a stalemate around the 38th parallel
Armisticce talks from July 1951 to July 1953
North Korea and China eventually conceded and reluctatly signed the armistice agreement on 27 July 1953
Demilitarised zone established
The war took a toll on military, economic and human resources.
Saved South Korea from communist
MacArthur on the other hand wanted to invade China. He was even prepared to use nucleur weapons
Dismissed by Truman for insubordination on 11 April 1951
2.3: How did the Korean War impact the development of the Cold War
SEATO
The key responsibility
Host joint military exercises for member states annually
Organise meetings and exhibitions cultural, religious and historical topic
Work to build strong economic foundation and improve living standards of the Southeast Asian states
The main purpose is to prevent the spread of communism in the Asia-pacific
Countries involved in the SEATO: USA, Britain, France, New Zealand, Australia, Philippines, Thailand and Pakistan
Cold war
The cold war as a conflict had predominantly been fought in Europe
Proxy conflicts of cold war
Vietnam war, Cuban missile war, Second Arab-Israeli War
Military tension
NATO
The supreme Headquarters Allied powers of Europe
To counter the strengths of the communist bloc and contain the spread of communism
Warsaw Pact
Put together with its East European satellite states
It set up a unified military command under the Soviet Union
American involvment in Asia Pacific
Economic reconstruction of Japan
The USA and its allies feared Japan's weak economy would allow Japan communist movements
The USA and its allies felt that it is important to rebuild the Japanese economy
To strengthen its presence in the Asia-Pacific
To prevent the spread of communism
2.1 How did tension within Korea become part of the Cold war
Post-war occupation of Korea: partition of Korea
Potsdam Conference: Korea to be divided into 2 occupation zones along the 38th parallel
USSR occupies the North
USSR refused to allow elections to take place in the north, as they wanted to establish their dominance and influence over political and economic developments in their zone of occupation.
leader: Kim Il Sung
He was convinced that the whole of Korea should be united under one rule and sought to achieve sole control through the use of violence if necessary.
The Americans were reluctant to allow the Soviets to have total dominance over Korea, fearing the expansion of communist influence.
In 1947, the UN called for free elections to be held in Korea to establish the government of a united Korea.
USA occupies the South
In May 1948, the UN Commission on Korea (UCK) held national elections in the area south of the 38th parallel of the peninsula.
80% of the eligible population in the south took part in the elections, which was boycotted by the Korean communists.
Syngman Rhee won the elections. He received support from the USA, as well as the UN as he was seen as a patriot who had devoted his life to securing Korean independence from the Japanese and was thus a suitable candidate to lead Korea.
Syngman Rhee was elected president of South Korea in August 1948. American forces were to withdraw from South Korea by June 1949.
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Attempts to achieve unification from 1948 to 1950.
Failed national elections
Limiting support from the USA and the Soviet Union
Border clashes between North and South Korea.