Reproductive System
Pedro Bustos
P.3

Methods and Classifications of contraceptives

Anatomy of male reproductive structures

Combined Horomone Contraceptives-
contain estrog and progestins to prevent prego;disrupt norm hormonal patterns of fem cyc; and prevent folli mature and ovulation; works for 3 months

Injectable Contraception-
Inject of progestro derivativce precents folli maturation and ovulation works for 3 months

Chem barriers-
Contains spermicides; more efec with condom; cream, foam,jellies

Contraceptice Implants-
Rod containing progestin under skin in arm, can prevent folli mature and ovulation for 3 years

Mech Barriers-
Most effec: condoms, diaphragm, cervical cap

Intrauterine Devices-
Objects implanted in uterus R either toxic to sperm and egg cells or prevent implantation of embryo by inhin growth of endometriun, thicken cervical mucus

Rhythm Method-
Don't have sex around ovulation time: diff to determine, not effec

Sterilization-
Vasectomy (removal or deferns, preventing sperm from semen) or tubal ligation (cutting uterine tubes, preventing sperm from egg)

Coitus Interruptus-
Pull out b4 ejac: not effec:sperm may reach vag

Disorders associated with the reproductive systems

Herpes-
Herpes simplex 2 virus
Sores, fever
Antiviral drug (acyclovir)

Warts-
Human papilloma virus
Warts
Chem/surgical removal

Chlamydia infection-
Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria
Pain pee and sex, mucus discharge
Antiobiotics

Gonorrhea-
Neisseria G bacteria
Almost none in fem;men have pain pee
Antibio

Aids-
Cause: HIV
Symptom: Fever, weakness, infec, cancer
Treatment: Drugs to delay symp or treat them

Syphilis-
Trepenoma
Rash, years w/ no symp as infec spreads may lead to death
Antibio

  • Preuce: Foreskin
  • Penis: Used to make babies
  • Urethra: Where pee and semen come go through
  • Prostate: Produces fluid that with aid of sperm cells frem testis and other glands make up semen
  • Ejaculation duct: Delivers sperm to urethra
  • Seminal gland: Prod seminal fluid to push semen out during ejac
  • Vas deferens: Trans mature sperm to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation
  • Epididymis: Produces the sperm
  • Testis: Prod spermatoza, male gametes
  • Bulbourethral gland and duct: priduces pre-cum that cleanses and libes urethra before semen comes through
  • Corpora cavernosa: spongy tissue of penis which contains blood vessels that cause erections

Anatomy of female reproductive structures

Fundus of uterus- Help bal and approp hormones during pregnancy, also prot the fetus

Infidibulum- Catches n channel the released egg

Labium majus- Covers the minus, clit, urethra, and vag opening

Fimbriae- Catches the egg that one of your ovaries releases during ovulation

Labium minus- Prot vag from urethral openings, dryness, and infec

Body of uterus- Has 3 layers, shown below (in to out)

Vagina- Where baby comes from

Endometrium

External OS- Trans sperm into uterine cavity

Myometrium

Uterus- Egg devs into baby here and responsible for menstrual cycle

Perimetrium

Ovary- Secrete estrogen and progestrogen

Cervix- Allows fluids to flow in n out of uterus

Uterine tube- Trans the fertilized egg to uterus for implantation

Hormones of reproducitve system (male and female)

Male

  • Testosterone stims sperm prod in males

Female

  • Estrogen causes eggs to mature in ovaries once a girl hits puberty

Events of the female hormonal cycles

Menstruation-

  1. Anterior pit galnd secre folli-stim hormone (FSH) and luteinizing horomone (LH)
  2. FSH stim maturation of dom folli
  3. Folli cells prod and secre estrogens
    -tain 2nd sex char
    -endometrium thickens
  4. Anterior pit releases surge of LH, = ovulation
  5. Folli cells bcome corpus lutem cells, whic secre estro and progestro
    -estro cont. to stime uterine wall dev
    -progestro stims endonaut to bcome more glandular and vascular
    -Estrog and progestro inhib secre of FSH and LH from anterior pit gland
  6. If secondary oocute is not fertilized, corpus luteum degen and no longer secre estro and progestro
  7. As oncen of estro and progestro decline, BV in endometrium constrict
  8. Uterine lining disintegrates and slougs off, prod a mens flow
  9. Anterior pit gland no longer inhibited and again secre FSH and LH
  10. Repeats

Follicular phase-

  • Starts on the first day of your period and lasts for 13 to 14 days, ending in ovulation

Ovulation-

  • Phase of the female menstrual cycle that involves the release of an egg (ovum) from one of the ovaries

Luteal phase-

  • Happens during second day of men cycle
  • Prepares uterus for pregnancy
  • Thickens uterine lining

Major functions of the reproductive system

Male-

  • Major func is to deliver sperm to the female

Female-

  • Once receiving sperm, it gets fertilized
  • Fertilization occurs in the uterine lining
  • Fetus grows in the uterus which then gets pushed out the vagina