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SPAIN IN THE 18th AND 19th CENTURY, POPULATION, ENLIGHTENMENT IN SPAIN -…
SPAIN IN THE 18th AND 19th CENTURY
CARLOS II
LAST MONARCH OF THE HAPSBURGS
MARRIED TWICE; NO CHILDREN
NO HEIR
Jose Fernando of Bavaria
FELIPE OF BOURBON, Duke d'Anjou
Elected as sucessor
WAR OF THE SPANISH SUCESSION
Dislike from European courts because creation of FRANCO-SPANISH ALLIANCE
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ARCHDUKE CALOS OF AUSTRIA
REFORMS IN SPAIN DURING THE FIRST FOUR MONARCHS
ECONOMIC REFORMS
Canals to irrigate the lands to IMPROVE agriculture
Royal manufactorers developed craftworking of new infrastructures
RADIAL ROAD
Connected Madrid with the rest of Spanish erritories
ROADS AND BRIDGES
Make TRADING EASIER
Collect more taxes
Create Census
Know the real wealth of the country and recording the number of states and neighbors
SOCIAL REFORMS
New laws created to promote work and industry
Carlos III abolished the law that didn't allow noblemen to work
LA DESHONRA DEL TRABAJO
ESQUILACHE prohibited the use of long cloaks and widebrimmed hats
Short cloaks and three cornered hats
LAW TO IDENTIFY CRIMINALS
ESQUILACHE RIOTS
POLITICAL REFORMS
New type of state created
Diferences between Castilla and Aragon NOT respected anymore
castilIanitation
Ended privileges
DECRETOS DE NUEVA PLANTA
Aragon, Valencia, Cataluña, Mallorca
NOT Navarra and Basque provinces
CASTILIAN LAWS
ONLY SPANISH ALLOWED
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CENTRALIZED STATE
(Fench Model)
RELIGIOUS REFORMS
18th century power of Inquistion was REDUCED
Order of Jesuits expelled from Spain
Accused of having lots of power
Blamed for causing Esquilache Riots and considered being against reforms carried out by Enlightened ministers
CARLOS IV
Carlos III son
Ruled while
french revolution
Cut Enlightenment influence in Spain
Prime minister, Godoy ruled on his behalf
TREATY OF FOUNTAIENBLEAU signed with Napoleón
Napoleon crossed Spain to invade Portugal; Napoleon (north) Carlos III (centre) Godoy (south)
Fernando, Carlos IV son instigated a riot against Godoy and his father
MOTÍN DE ARANJUEZ
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CORTES DE CADIZ
JUNTA SUPREMA CENTRAL
REPRESENTATIVES OF DIFFERENT REGIONS OF SPAIN
PROTECTION OF THE BRITISH
CONSTITUTION
LA PEPA
Separation of powers
National sovereignty
Equality under the law
Constitutional monarchy
Catholicism as the official Spanish religion
NOT accepted for everyone for being very conservative
Members elected by
UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE
FERNANDO VII
Anulled Cortes de Cadiz
and
Abolished the Constitution of 1812
and restored
absolutism
LIBERAL TRIENNIUM
OMINOUS DECADE
the liberals were executed and
new measures were implemented:
reformed the education
9 universities allowed
“Banco de San Fernando”
National Police
Madrid Stock Exchange
ABSOLUTIST SEXENNIUM
attempts of coup d’états
reolution took
place, forced to reestablish the Constitution of
1812
independence of the American colonies.
bankruptcy,
FERNANDO V
Salic law (women can't be inhert throne)
Fernando VII had two daugthers
Prangmatic sanction
Isabel II; queen
Carlos didn't accept
CARLISTAS
POPULATION
7.5 MILLION TO 10.5 MILLION
.
.
ENLIGHTENMENT IN SPAIN
Not successful
Only affected elite groups
Only some intellectuals and some polliticians followed the Enlightened ideas because mainly people didn'i undesrsttand the ideas
Clergy and nobility rejected the ideas because attacked their privileges
Sociedades económicas de amigos del país
Promoteed innovations
Schools and universities were reformed
Public spaces for leisure and research appeared
Observatory
Royal Botanic Garden
Prado Museum
Royal Academies were created
Main representatives in Spain
Count of Aranda
Count of Floridablanca
Marquis of Ensenada
Father Feijoó
Campomanes
Jovellanos
IDEA BY CARLOS III
ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM