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PROTEINS, PROTEINS are the most abundant organic molecules of the living…
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PROTEINS are the most abundant organic molecules of the living system. They form about 50% of the dry weight of the cell and are the most important for the architecture and functioning of the cell.
SIMPLE PROTEINS are considered as one of the classification of proteins based on chemical nature and solubility. They are composed only of amino acid residues.
CONJUGATED PROTEINS are considered as one of the classification of proteins based on chemical nature and solubility. They are a non-protein prosthetic group along with amino acids.
DERIVED PROTEINS are considered as one of the classification of proteins based on chemical nature and solubility. They are denatured or degraded products of the other two aforementioned classifications.
GLOBULAR PROTEINS generally have a round and spherical shape and are one of the most common protein types. They usually have functional roles and are soluble in water or aqueous solutions.
FIBROUS PROTEINS are generally composed of long and narrow strands and have a structural role. They are usually insoluble in water or aqueous solutions but are less sensitive to changes in temperature than globular proteins.
PRIMARY PROTEINS are derived from proteins by agents such as heat, acids, and alkalis which cause only slight changes in protein molecule and its properties without hydrolytic cleavage of peptide bond.
SECONDARY PROTEINS are derived from the progressive hydrolytic cleavage of the peptide bonds of metaproteins or coagulated proteins into progressive smaller molecules.
COAGULATED PROTEINS showcases the change in the structure of protein from a liquid form to solid or a thicker liquid brought about by heat, mechanical action, or acids.
PROTEANS are insoluble in water. They appear as the first product produced by the action of acids, enzymes or water on proteins.
METAPROTEINS are insoluble in water but soluble in dilute acids or alkalis and are produced by further action of acid or alkali on proteins at about 30–60°C.
PROTEOSES are soluble in water and coagulable by heat. They are produced when hydrolysis proceeds beyond the level of metaproteins.
PROTONES are soluble in water and noncoagulable by heat. They are produced by the action of dilute acids or enzymes when hydrolysis proceeds beyond proteoses.
PEPTIDES are combinations of two or more amino acid units. Additionally, the proteins are essentially long chain polypeptides.
ALBUMIN is a protein made by your liver. It enters your bloodstream and helps keep fluid from leaking out of your blood vessels into other tissues. It also carries hormones, vitamins, and enzymes throughout your body.
GLOBULINS are a group of proteins in your blood. They are made in your liver by your immune system and play an important role in liver function, blood clotting, and fighting infection.
HISTONE is a protein that provides structural support for a chromosome. They are bound to the DNA, help give chromosomes their shape, and help control the activity of genes.
COLLAGEN is the most abundant protein in your body as it accounts for about 30% of its total protein. It is the primary building block of your body’s skin, muscles, bones, tendons and ligaments and other connective tissues and is also found in your organs, blood vessels and intestinal lining.
ELASTIN is also one of the most abundant proteins in your body. It's a stretchy protein that resembles a rubber band because it can stretch out (extend) and shrink back (recoil). It's a major component of tissues in your body that require stretchiness, like your lungs, bladder, large blood vessels and some ligaments.
KERATIN is a protein that helps form hair, nails and your skin's outer layer, the epidermis. It helps support your skin, heal wounds and keep your nails and hair healthy. There are 54 kinds of keratin in your body.
NUCLEOPROTEINS are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids. Typical nucleoproteins include ribosomes, nucleosomes and viral nucleocapsid proteins.
GLYCOPROTEINS are molecules that comprise protein and carbohydrate chains that are involved in many physiological functions including immunity. Many viruses have glycoproteins that help them enter bodily cells, but can also serve to be important therapeutic or preventative targets.
MUCOPROTEINS are the proteins that are the building blocks of mucus, which is a protective barrier to the epithelia of cells. It is semipermeable, so it acts as a barrier to most bacteria and pathogens, while allowing for the uptake of nutrients, water, and hormones.
LIPOPROTEINS are particles made of protein and fats (lipids). They carry cholesterol through your bloodstream to your cells.
PHOSPHOPROTEINS are proteins that are posttranslationally modified by the attachment of either a single phosphate group, or a complex molecule such as 5'-phospho-DNA, through a phosphate group.
CHROMOPROTEINS are conjugated proteins that contain a pigmented prosthetic group (or cofactor). A common example of this is hemoglobin, which contains a heme cofactor, which is the iron-containing molecule that makes oxygenated blood appear red.
METALLOPROTEIN is a generic term for a protein that contains a metal ion cofactor. A large proportion of all proteins are part of this category.