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Irish Civil War 1922-23 - Coggle Diagram
Irish Civil War 1922-23
Leading up to it
Removal of British
Jan 16th Collins presided over formal surrender of Br control of Dublin Castle-troops marched to Ports of Dublin and left
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divisions that IRA would become army of Free State-united enough? willing to accept civilian authority?
Pro + Anti Treaty
GHQ of IRA pro-treaty, S + W very much against it
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Craig-Collins Pact
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Craig promised to use his influence to prevent persecution of N Catholics + Collins agreed to end Belfast Boycott imposed by Dail as economic sanction to N
Didn't last-Craig inflammatory speeches + Collins inferring BC would chop off NI-another meeting Feb 2nd-nothing came of it
30 died in sectarian riots in 1 week-March 30th 2nd pact-Craig promised to address problem of treatment of Catholic minority + Collins end IRA campaign in North-collapsed again
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IRA trouble
South-possible split in IRA lead to serious violence-Mulcahy delayed calling army convention until constitution which could make anti-treaty men realise it could work
While Br vacated their barracks, IRA moved in, pro/anti,left anti-Treaty IRA in control of some areas, price PG had to pay
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IRA convention planned March 26th, all IRA units electing delegates
last minute PG banned convention, didn't stop 22 anti-treaty delegates
announcement from Rory O'Connor March 22nd announcement that section of the IRA would ignore Dail-IRA split inevitable-storms Parliament
Civil War Begins
Talks to avoid CW
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IRA "army" officers by Hegarty, argued CW would not produce republic-Br intervention-plan failed
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Collins announced electoral pact w/ DeV May 20th-preventing popular division + creation of unity gov to preserve peace
Collins-De Valera Pact
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Churchill appalled by lack of action abt O'Connor, increasing pressure from Cons
details of more Republican constitution that failed published-shattered pact-no mention of Oath + no role for Crown
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Violence starts
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July Dublin controlled by Free State troops-Brugha dead, O'Connor + Mellowes were in jail
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Irregulars controlled S + W, did not have support of people-never had coherent military strategy
Limerick + Cork resisted, but fell by mid Aug
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Public Safety Bill
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extensive powers, including execution for possession of arms, commandeering of property + looting and arson
DeV refused to attend Dail, bill to become law
worried, giving free state too much power
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Oct 17th DeV w/ backing of rep army new gov, only on paper