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Chapter 5 Thinking, Planning and Language - Coggle Diagram

- - - - located underside of temporal lobe
      - Function: for recognizing faces
      - Damage of FFA results in prosopagnosia (face blindness)
    - - responds to specific locations such as pictures of buildings
      - information is organized into hierarchies; complex skills are built by integrating information from simpler inputs
        
        regions that encode words include the posterior parietal cortex, temporal lobes and prefrontal cortex
        
        Together they form the semantic system which response more strongly to words than to other sounds
        
        This system encodes representations of concrete or abstract concepts, action verbs and social information
        
        Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure brain activity in response to words have found more extensive activation in the left hemisphere
        
        Numbers are processed in the parietal cortex with input from the occipitotemporal cortex
      - Brain builds meaning through constructing hierarchical representations of concepts
- - - - Broca's aphasia, or non fluent aphasia is when speech production gets impaired but comprehension is mostly intact
        
        Speech output is slow and halting and lacks complexity
      - Wenicke's aphasia or fluent aphasia difficulty in comprehending speech but not producing it
  - - - Cannot link sound of words to their meaning
        
        Can perfectly understand writing, because visual information by passes the damaged auditory comprehension area
        
        Recognizing speech sounds and individual words involves left and right temporal lobes
- - - - activated when watching others engage in actions that seem at odd with their intentions
    - - Neurons in the motor cortex fired when one performs a specific action, but also fires when one watches someone else perform the same action
        
        Speculations arise regarding how mirror neurons are part of our ability to understand another person's actions