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Nature of Peasant Nationalism in Kheda District of Gujarat - Coggle Diagram

- - - - This explanation must be rejected for the history of the nationalist movement in Kheda provides no evidence to show that the peasants were brought into the movement by such means
- - - - Elite nationalism
        
        constitutional concessions
      - peasant nationalism
        
        substantive with far greater consequences e.g. no land revenue which was a direct attack on the colonials at its most vulnerable points
        Hence peasant nationalism was not an extension of elite nationalism
      - movements by communities of poorer peasants and sharecroppers tended to be far more violent, for they had less to lose and suppressed as they were, violence often provided the only means by which they redress an injustice.
        Although there was this important difference in the pattern of richer and poorer peasant agitations, these movements did nto as a rule occur independently of each other, but developed one from the other.
        A pattern therefore can be discerned to peasant agitations in India during this period. In the first place there were peaceful protests by more substantial peasants who were often of the dominant or leading castes of the area. Typically these peasants refused to pay land revenue or rent and refused to carry out feudal services. These were movements for self-assertion by leading peasant communities against the colonial state and its local collaborators.
        If these movements were successful in their challenge, the message soon spread in the countryside that the stage was crumbling and that the time had come for the peasantry to rise. against their exploiters.
        the second phase started when large bands of poor peasants began to congregate at various centres with the object of attacking the various local representatives of the colonial state. At this stage, the more substantial peasants either had to try to control the movement, or if they were unable to do this, cross over to the side of the authorities.