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Immune System Per 5 Mikaela Hernandez - Coggle Diagram
Immune System
Per 5
Mikaela Hernandez
Location of lymphatic organs and their function
Lymph Node:Found in neck, armpits, groin regions they work to filter lymph and trap foreign material
Tonsils:found superior the thymus they can prevent germs from entering through mouth or nose
Spleen:found on left side of abdomen works to trap foreign material and removes damaged erythrocytes and is a reservoir for erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets
Preyers Patches:found in small intestine they keep pathogens at bay to prevent large infection
Thymus:found superior to the face of the heart its the site of T cell maturation
Red bone marrow:found in central portion of flat bones, for hematpoeisis to produce formed elements of blood
Cells involved in the immune system and their functions
white blood cells
Multipotent hematopoetic stem cells
Myeloid
progenitor cell: can undergo rapid proliferation before turning into mature monocyte
Lymphoid
progenitor cell: regulate which T-cells can enter the circulation
Myeloid cells:capture,processing, and present antigens to T-cells
Innate Response(non specific)
Innate response
Granulocytes
Eosinophil:move to imflammation
Basophil:defend body from pathogens,allergens and parasites
Neutrophil:boost response of other immune cells
Dendritic cells:boost immune response by showing antigens on its surface
Monocyte:migrate to tissue and are important for pagocytosis,antigen presentation and cytokine production
Macrophage:effector cells secrete pro inflamatory and antimicrobial mediators
Mast Cells:cause inflammation in allergic responses live in tissue
Passive Vs. Active immunity
Active: when b cells encounter antigens and produce antibodies against them
-2 types naturally and artificially
Natural:formed in response to actual bacterial or viral infection
Artificially:formed in response to vaccine of dead attenuated pathogens
Passive: when ready made antibodies are introduced into body
-b cells arent challenged by antigens
-protection ends when antibdodies degrade
-two types naturally and artificially acquired
Natural:antibodies delivered to fetus via placenta or infant through milk
artificially: injected serum such as gamma globulin
Functions of Lymphatic and Immune System
Responsible for keeping foreign invadors from entering and fighting againsts those that do enter as well as responsible for keeping fluid levvels at bay
Antigens and Antibodies
Antigens:substances that can mobilize adaptive defenses and provoke immune rsponse
-targets of all adaptive immune responses
-most are large, complex molecules nor normally found in body(nonself
Antibodies:proteins secreted by plasma cells
-capable of binding specifically with antigens detected b b cells grouped into one of 5 Ig classas
-AKA immunoglobulins
Disorders associated with the Immune system
Artificial vs naturally aquired immunity
Artificial
From vaccines as they can initiate immune cells to produce
Natural
When one gets infected and produces immune cells and when mother delivers immunity through placenta to fetus
Purpose for 1st 2nd and 3rd line of defense
Second:cells and chemicals; inhibit spread of invaders;(phagocytes)
Third:(specific):attacks particular foreign sunstances
First:external body membranes (skin and mucosae) (skin)
Innate and Adaptive immune system
Innate:non specific; made up of 1st and 2nd ine of defense
Adaptive:made up of 3rd line of defense and is specific
Humoral and cellular response
Humoral:antibody-mediated immunity
-antiboies produced by lymphocytes circulate freely in the body fluids
-bind to target cell temporarily to mark for destruction
Cellular:cell-mediated immunity
-Lymphocytes act against target cell
-directly by killing infected cells
-inderectly by releasing chemicals