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REGENERATION STRATEGY - Coggle Diagram
REGENERATION STRATEGY
STRATAGIES
STRATAGIES
There are many strategies to improve a location through regeneration. A regeneration project can focus on constructing infrastructure, developing existing and new housing, encouraging investment etc. Strategies have different benefits and risks,
UK EXAMPLES
▪ Construction of infrastructure e.g. HS2, Heathrow expansion, Crossrail
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▪ Marketing heritage and culture, such as events like Glastonbury for music, multi-ethnic festivals like Notting Hill Carnival or New Year fireworks in London
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INFASTRUCTURE
INFASTRUCTURE
Infrastructure projects are generally very expensive and so require government funding. Most projects are public-private partnerships; the government provides the majority of capital needed while private companies fulfill and manage the plans.
UK EXAMPLES
- The expansion of Heathrow Airport (building a third runway) is expected to cost just under £20 billion (which would be privately funded) and potentially create 70,000 jobs. However, many MPs, local residents and environmental NGOs oppose the project as it will increase traffic travelling through Heathrow and pollution.
- HS2 is a proposed high speed rail network which would connect London to Birmingham and then to Manchester and Leeds. The project is expected to cost £43 billion, but so far the project has gone over budget. It’s aim is to reduce travel times and improve connectivity between the North and South of England. An estimated 60,000 jobs are expected to be created.
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BENIFITS
- High volume of jobs created, especially in construction.
- Improving transport links can improve migration and trade links, which in turn can increase economic productivity.
RISK/COSTS
- Often, infrastructure projects aren’t sustainable due to the large volumes of concrete used (large CO2 output)
- Some large-scale projects can be risky to agree to, as their cost can increase with inflation or changing circumstances (the price of supplies may change since original planning) e.g. HS2 railway
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RURAL REGENERATION
RURAL REGENERATION
Rural regions can be some of the most deprived areas in the UK due to the lack of opportunities for young people in education and employment, social isolation of minority groups and physical isolation from services and public transport. Industries which were once the centre of a town’s economy such as coal mines have been shut down leaving towns to enter into a spiral of decline
EXAMPLES
● Kielder Forest - This lakeside retreat has developed a campsite, rented accomodation and an astronomical observatory, which attracts tourists all year round (winter is the best time for stargazing!). However, Kielder can become snowed-in and attractions closed due to adverse weather conditions.
● The Eden Project - The Eden Project is a sustainable development in Cornwall with the aim of attracting tourists and providing employment and economic opportunities for local Cornish businesses. Built from an abandoned clay pit, the Eden Project has contributed £700 million in local economic growth and will soon provide renewable geothermal energy for 7000 local homes.
● Bronte Country - Rural villages with ties to English Literature and heritage receive large national and international tourists, which can benefit local businesses (shops, accomodation, cafes) and local people (employment opportunities). In Haworth, regeneration is focused on attracting more tourists by refronting shops in a victorian style and running events (e.g. 1940s weekend, hosting the Tour de France).
RURAL AGRICULTURE
Rural agriculture may diversify too - providing specialised produce or outdoor adventure activities. For example, farms may have a farm shop, a Maize Maze, paintballing, or other outside activities