Octavian began to adopt the title when Julius Caesar was deified by the Senate in 42BC, after a comet passed over the Games held in Caesar's honour - this was taken as a sign that he had ascended to Olympus

He conquered Gallic tribes, written about in 'The Gallic Wars' by himself

This made him Dictator for Life, which broke the traditional temporary role of a dictator and made him more like a King, the last of which (Tarquinius Superbus or Tarquin the Proud) had been overthrown in favour of the Roman Republic in 509BC

This saw him assassinated in the Senate on 15th March 44BC, including by a member of the Brutus family who had deposed Tarquin earlier - they said they were saving the Republic

He was known for his generosity to the lower classes, so popular with the people of Rome

He invited allies of his rival Pompey back to Rome after Pompey's defeat - some of which later played a part in his assassination

Octavian himself was the son of Gaius Octavius, who was seen as a 'novus homo' (new man) as he was not of senatorial rank but had risen to be appointed proconsul of Macedonia

He went to Spain when Caesar was just finishing up the campaign there

Impressed by him, Caesar sent Octavian to the East to learn from the governor of Macedonia and prepare for the Parthian Campaign. However, Caesar died before the campaign started

Octavian changed his name from 'Gaius Octavius' to 'Gaius Julius Caesar' - this was exactly the same name as Caesar and his lack of including 'Octavianus' removed the link to his original family

He distributed 300 sesterces to each of the urban plebians as Caesar had instructed but Antony (consul) had refused to do

He also held Games in Caesar's honour (in which the comet passed overhead, signifying Caesar had become a god)

Octavian justifies it as a matter of pietas, as he was carrying out his duty to his 'father' Caesar by fighting against his assassins, Cassius and Brutus

Antony led one camp, Octavian led another. Antony broke into the enemy camp but Octavian was overrun (Antony later accused Octavian as hiding in a swamp). Antony defeated them, and Cassius and Brutus both committed suicide as they thought they had lost

It was not completed until 2BC, but the fact he started it in 42BC shows he wants to give the impression of him as a just avenger

After defeating Antony at Actium (31BC) and Alexandria (30BC), Octavian was in a similar position to Caesar - in danger of being seen as a dictator and a threat to the Republic?

This is possibly why he 'restored' the Republic in the First Settlement in 27BC

This could be seen as fulfilling the aim of Caesar or even going beyond Caesar's capabilities

But it was actually just a diplomatic deal done with Parthia where they agreed to return the lost Roman standards of Crassus and Antony. It wasn't even Augustus that did the deal, but his stepson (later adopted heir) Tiberius

Pontifex Maximus was a title Caesar had held, so when Augustus got this title too it was a similarity between the pair, suggested shared piety

Augustus was voted the title following the death of its previous holder, Lepidus, in 12BC

Refers to Octavian as 'Caesar' - stresses link to Julius Caesar and the Julian family, so link to founders. Same name, same traits

Shows Julius Caesar as a great general and Octavian as young - suggests that he has potential to grow to be a great general like Caesar was known for being in the Gallic Wars

Two sides of the same coin gives association by proximity, suggests they are equal to be worthy of being on the coin with the other

Religious titles (Octavian as priest of the augurs and Caesar as Pontifex Maximus) - suggests both are pious, suggests a potential path for Octavian, who later is Pontifex Maximus in 12BC

Contrasting political titles (Octavian as consul, Caesar as Dictator in Perpetuity) - suggests they are both powerful and capable (perhaps Octavian is capable because Caesar was) but also stresses the traditional title of Octavian compared to the untraditional role of Caesar which got him assassinated

Shows eight-rayed comet of 'Divus Julius' - stresses the deification of Caesar who has become a god. This makes Augustus son of a god, and so semi-divine

Augustus is called 'Augustus' - emphasises the religiosity of him, especially when linked to Caesar deemed so pious he was worthy of being deified (as was Augustus after his death)

Has title 'Divi Filius' for Augustus - shows him to be son of a god, emphasises his semi-divinity and power

Shows Caesar on the other side with a comet above his head - emphasises Caesar's divinity so Augustus' semi-divinity, as well as the support Augustus has from the gods to justify his power

He has become Pontifex Maximus - this shows him to have followed a similar path to Caesar, who also held this office

Similar military dress to statue of Julius Caesar - suggests they share capability of military command

Augustus is clearly presented with a toga when Caesar isn't - could contrast the pair, suggesting a more civilised aspect of Augustus compared to the claims of atrocities in the Gallic Wars that Caesar was accused of

Links to divinity with gods on the breastplate - suggesting that Augustus is supported by the gods in his power and wars, as Caesar was seen to be

Accessed through Julius Caesar's Forum - suggests that Augustus follows on from Caesar as do their fora, also associates them by proximity, they are worthy to be next to each other

Temple of Mars Ultor was built after Battle of Philippi - justifies Augustus' war as he was avenging his father, Caesar, which demonstrates pietas

Statues (Julian family, Aeneas, Romulus) link Augustus to Julian family and the founders - justifies his power as his family has always had power and had the responsibility to protect Rome

Statues in the Temple of Mars Ultor (Divus Julius, Venus and Mars) link Augustus to the divine - this is done through showing the deified Caesar and with stressing his link to the Julian family who are descended in part from Venus (Aeneas) and Mars (Romulus)