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(examples of living things that evolved, history, vocab, theories of…
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history
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An Ancestor Species is simply an older species that serves as an ancestor to a more recently living species. The separation of gene pools is essentially the definition of speciation, at least in terms of the biological species concept.
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vocab
mutation ; the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.
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evolution ; the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.
adaptation ; a change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment.
theories of evolution
Lamarck is best known for his Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics, first presented in 1801 (Darwin's first book dealing with natural selection was published in 1859): If an organism changes during life in order to adapt to its environment, those changes are passed on to its offspring.
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Darwin and a scientific contemporary of his, Alfred Russel Wallace, proposed that evolution occurs because of a phenomenon called natural selection. In the theory of natural selection, organisms produce more offspring than are able to survive in their environment.
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evidence
fossils ;Any trace of a living organism (body, part of body, burrow, footprint, etc.) preserved over time.
embryos Organism in the early stages of development before it is born or hatched.
DNA DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; a long molecule made of repeating subunits, that contains the genes.
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extinction
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Habitat loss - Destruction of Earth’s natural habitats due to human actions such as agriculture, forestry, mining, and urbanization.
Unlike previous extinction events caused by natural phenomena, the sixth mass extinction is driven by human activity, primarily (though not limited to) the unsustainable use of land, water and energy use, and climate change. Currently, 40% of all land has been converted for food production.
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