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Types of water - Coggle Diagram
Types of water
Cryospheric
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Locations of cryospheric water: sea ice, permafrost, alpine glaciers, icesheets and ice caps
Sea ice: Frozen arctic ocean, forms when water in the oceans is cooled to temperatures below freezing.
Ice sheets: a mass of glacial land ice extending more than 50,000 km. The two major ice sheets on Earth today cover most of Greenland and Antarctica. They contain more than 99 per cent of the freshwater ice on Earth. Ice sheets form in areas where snow that falls in winter does not melt entirely over the summer. Over thousands of years, the layers of snow pile up into thick masses of ice, growing thicker and denser as the weight of new snow and ice layers compresses the older layers.
Ice caps: thick layers of ice on land that are smaller than 50,000 km². usually found in mountainous areas. tend to be dome-shaped and are centred over the highest point of an upland area.
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Permafrost: as ground (soil or rock and included ice or organic material) that remains at or below 0°C for at least two consecutive years.
Terrestrial
The water contained in the Earth’s oceans and seas but not including such inland seas as the Caspian Sea.
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Terrestrial water falls into four broad classes: surface water, groundwater, soil water + biological water.
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Oceanic
The water contained in the Earth’s oceans and seas but not including such inland seas as the Caspian Sea.
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Atmospheric
Water found in the atmosphere; mainly water vapour with some liquid water (cloud and rain droplets) and ice crystals.
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Atmospheric water exists in three states. The most common atmospheric water exists as a gas: water vapour. This is clear, colourless and odourless and so we take its presence for granted. This atmospheric water vapour is important as it absorbs, reflects and scatters incoming solar radiation, keeping the atmosphere at a temperature that can maintain life. The amount of water vapour that can be held by air depends upon its temperature. Cold air cannot hold as much water vapour as warm air. This results in air over the poles being quite dry, whereas air over the tropics is very humid.