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DATA LINK LAYER PROTOCOLS AND MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL - Coggle Diagram

- - - - communicates with the network layer.
        
        identifies which network layer protocol os being used for the frame
        
        Allow multiple layer 3 protocols , such as IPv4 and IPv6, to utilize the same network interface and media.
    - - Dedines the media access processes performed by the hardware.
        
        provides data link layer addressing and access to various network technologies.
        
        communicates with ethernet to send and recieve frames over copper or fiber-optic cable.
        
        communicates with wireless technologies such as WI-FI and bluetooth.
- - - - Refers to the way a network transfers frames from one node to the next. These logical signal paths are defined by data link layer protocols.
    - - Refers to the physical connections and identifies how end devices and infrastructure devices such as router, switches, and wireless access points are interconnected
  - - - carrier sense multiple access/collision detection (CSMA/CD) process is used in half-duplex ethernet LANs.
        
        if two devices transmit at the same time, a collision will occur.
        
        both devices will detect the collision on the network.
        
        data sent by both devices will be corrupted and will need to be resent.
    - - uses a method to detect if the media is clear.
        
        does not detect collisions but attempts to avoid them by waiting before transmiting.
        NOTE: ethernet LANs using switches do not use a contention-based system because the switch and the host NIC operate in full-duplex mode.