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Extra Credit, Chapter 3: The Molecules of Cells, Chapter 4: A Tour of the…
Extra Credit
Chapter 3: The Molecules of Cells
I.
Introduction to Organic Compounds
Methyl Groups can be added to the DNA polynucleotide to restrict gene expression
III.
Lipids
II.
Carbohydrates
V.
Nucleic Acids
IV.
Proteins
Chapter 4: A Tour of the Cell
II.
Nucleus & Ribosomes
I.
Intro to Cell
III.
Endomembrane System
IV.
Energy-Converting Organelles
V.
Cytoskeleton & Cell Surfaces
Chapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life
I. Elements, Atoms & Compounds
III.
Water's Life - Supporting Properties
II.
Chemical Bonds
Nitrogenous bases use H-bonds to pair with complimentary bases
IV.
Acids & Bases
Chapter 6: How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy
I: Cellular Respiration
II: Stages of Cellular Respiration
Both Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration utilize an Electron Transport Chain in their processes
III: Fermentation
IV: Connections Between Metabolic Pathways
Chapter 7: Photosynthesis; Using Light to Make Energy
I: Intro to Photosynthesis
III. The Calvin Cycle: Reducing CO2 to Sugar
II. The Light Reactions
IV. The Global Significance of Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis makes glucose that's used in cellular respiration which is important for cellular respiration to make ATP, the source of energy and storage.
Chapter 8: Cellular Basis of Reproduction & Inheritance
II. Eukaryotic Cell Cycle & Mitosis
In eukaryotes, cancer occurs when a gene that mediates the cell cycle and production of cells is repressed and the cell cycle continues rapidly and out of control
IV. Alterations of Chromosome Number & Structure
III. Meiosis & Crossing Over
I. Cell Division & Reproduction
Chapter 9: Patterns of Inheritance
I. Mendel's Laws
Genetics involves Fetus Genetic Testing, which utilizes Karyotyping to organize and compare genes of a baby.
One of Mendel's Laws, the Law of Independent Assortment, occurs during meiosis when chromosomes meet in the middle of the cell
III. Variations on Mendel's Laws
II. The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
IV. Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes
Third Generation sequencing computers can sequence a human's genome and doctors can use that to diagnose diseases/disorders, potentially even Sex-Linked traits.
Chapter 12: DNA Technologies & Genomics
I. Gene Cloning & Editing
III. DNA Profiling
Denaturing is a key process in PCR amplification, a topic first introduced with the denaturing of proteins and prions.
II. Genetically Modified Organisms
IV. Genomics & Bioniformics
Chapter 1: Exploring Life
I.
Biology: The Scientific Study of Life
III.
Five Unifying Themes in Biology
Structure and Function: Certain cell surfaces and the cytoskeleton have specific structures that correlate to the functions of the cell. (i.e. ECM, Cell Junctions)
II.
The Process of Science
GMO Rice failed to be accepted by developing countries due to lack of education and communication on purpose & benefits - failure to communicate with the scientific community
Chapter 5: The Working Cell
I: Membrane Structure & Function
During facilitated diffusion polar or charged molecules are transported through the plasma membrane.
A transport vesicle is used in the case of Bulk Transport across the plasma membrane, such as Endo/Exocytosis
III: How Enzymes Function
II: Energy & the Cell
Cell Respiration is an Exergonic process
Photosynthesis is an Endergonic process
Chapter 10: Molecular Biology of the Gene:
II. DNA Replication
DNA replication is when our DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division. Cell division is where we divide a cell into two daughter cells through the process of mitosis and meosis.
I. The Structure of the Genetic Material
Nucleotides are joined to their sugar-phosphate backbone with covalent bonds.
III. The Flow of Genetic Information from DNA to RNA to Protein
Translation requires the help of Ribosomal RNA, ribosomes, to complete the protein synthesis process.
Chapter 11: Molecular Biology of the Gene
I. Control of Gene Expression
Gene Regulation can be considered as a Response to the Environment because certain genes may need to be suppressed or expressed as the environment changes.
III. The Genetic Basis of Cancer
II. The Cloning of Plants & Animals
Zander Johnson Backes & Isabella Cho