III. The Flow of Genetic Information from DNA to RNA to Protein

IV. The Global Significance of Photosynthesis

IV. Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes

Nitrogenous bases use H-bonds to pair with complimentary bases

Structure and Function: Certain cell surfaces and the cytoskeleton have specific structures that correlate to the functions of the cell. (i.e. ECM, Cell Junctions)

During facilitated diffusion polar or charged molecules are transported through the plasma membrane.

Genetics involves Fetus Genetic Testing, which utilizes Karyotyping to organize and compare genes of a baby.

Gene Regulation can be considered as a Response to the Environment because certain genes may need to be suppressed or expressed as the environment changes.

GMO Rice failed to be accepted by developing countries due to lack of education and communication on purpose & benefits - failure to communicate with the scientific community

Translation requires the help of Ribosomal RNA, ribosomes, to complete the protein synthesis process.

Nucleotides are joined to their sugar-phosphate backbone with covalent bonds.

Denaturing is a key process in PCR amplification, a topic first introduced with the denaturing of proteins and prions.

Both Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration utilize an Electron Transport Chain in their processes

Methyl Groups can be added to the DNA polynucleotide to restrict gene expression

A transport vesicle is used in the case of Bulk Transport across the plasma membrane, such as Endo/Exocytosis

In eukaryotes, cancer occurs when a gene that mediates the cell cycle and production of cells is repressed and the cell cycle continues rapidly and out of control

Third Generation sequencing computers can sequence a human's genome and doctors can use that to diagnose diseases/disorders, potentially even Sex-Linked traits.

One of Mendel's Laws, the Law of Independent Assortment, occurs during meiosis when chromosomes meet in the middle of the cell