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TYPES OF 🪨 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - What are sentiments?
        
        Sediments are fragments of rock that have been broken down as a result of weathering
        
        Etc. if you have a boulder and wait tens of thousands years later,(assuming your a superhuman of some sort) the rock would look much more different.
        
        What is weathering?
        
        Weathering is when the weather breaks rock.(etc. ice, running water, wind)
        
        Sediments are classified to their size. These names include:(smallest to biggest : top to bottom)
        
        Silt
        
        Pebble
        
        Clay
        
        Sand
        
        Cobble
        
        Boulder
  - - - They are compacted sediments
        
        They are classified by their size
      - They Are inorganic land-derived sedimentary rocks
      - Types of clastic rocks:
        
        Conglomerate
        
        Composed of all different sized sediments compacted and cemented together.
        
        Sediments in a conglomerate are are rounded out
        
        Breccia
        
        Composed of all different sized sediments compacted and cemented together.
        
        Sediments in a breccia are not rounded, more angular, pointy or jagged
        
        Sandstone
        
        Made of compacted sand grains
      - Clastic = compacted and cemented sediments.
    - - Evaporites
      - Precipitates
      - Example of crystalline formations:
        
        Rock salt (process: evaporites)
        
        Rock salt forms from sea water which has salt, or halite, dissolved in it.
        
        When the sea water evaporates, the salt stays behind in the form of crystals. These are called Rock salts
        
        This is why it’s called an evapourite. This is also why it’s called crystalline, because it’s crystals of salt
        
        Gypsum/dolostone (process: precipitates)
        
        This process is like evaporites, however, it does not involve evaporation.
        
        A precipitate forms when a water sample is completely filled with a dissolution mineral.
        
        So much that the mineral falls out of being dissolved and crystallizes in the bottom of a body of water
    - - Compacted organic matter. These include:
        
        Coal(compacted plant remains)
        
        Coquina(compacted sea shells.)
- - - - What is the difference of magma and lava?
        
        Magma is when lava is deep inside the earth, under the surface.
        
        Lava is when magma erupts onto the surface.
        
        Both of which, magma or lava, can cool and solidify into igneous rocks.
  - - - Magma cools very slowly
      - Large crystals form
        
        This is because since the crystals form slowly, they grow bigger
        
        Intrusive = very big crystals
        
        Tip: Any crystal in a rock that is more than 1 millimetres is a intrusive rock.
    - - Lava cools quickly
      - Small or no crystals form
      - May be vesicular
        
        Contain air bubbles.
- - - - Contact metamorphism
        
        This morph into another rock when the rock comes into contact with magma or lava
      - Regional metamorphism
        
        This morphs when there’s pressure between two tectonic plates.