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Structures - Coggle Diagram
Structures
Types of structures
Frame structures
These structures have long elements (bars, tubes) The elements of frame structures are made of strong materials. The elements in the bicycle`s frame are the aluminium tubes; the unions are the aluminium welding, the nuts and bolts
Shell Structure
Shell structures are made of a thin outer layer of material around a volume. There are many examples of natural shell structures: eggs, shellfish. There are also many examples of artificial shell structures: cardboard boxes, bottles, balloons, cars, aeroplanes.
Arch
In Roman times, arches were made of stones.
The geometry of the arch displaces the forces to the sides, so that there is a large free space under the arch.
Mix and Match
Very often, we combine different types of structures into a more
complex structure
For example, houses have brick walls (mass structures)
Mass structures
- Examples of natural mass structures are mountains and coral reefs.
- Examples of man-made mass structures are sandcastles, dams, load-bearing walls (walls that support the weight of the building).
Suspension structures
A suspension structure holds an element (often a beam) by cables that are held from the top of a tall column.
Because of this, suspension structures are often best for bridges that cover big rivers or even small parts of the sea
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Analysis of structural behaviour, using
different models
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For example, if you use rubber as a material, then we can predict that the elements of the structure will lose their shape under a small force
Structural elements
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The column is another element, united to the foundation and to the primary beams.
Types of unions
Permanent unions
These are for structures that we don’t need to disassemble.
Examples: welding, rivets, glue...
Non-Permanent unions
With non-permanent unions we can assemble and disassemble the elements of the structure.Examples: nuts and bolts, clamps, friction ..
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Applications
The design of the structure of an object (a beam for a house, the shell of a car, etc) helps reduce the amount of material used.
For example, we design the shell of a car so that the shell is as thin as possible to reduce weight.