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01 WORLD WAR I: CAUSES AND ALLIANCES - Coggle Diagram

- - - - root causes behind this outbreak of war
        
        Imperialist ambitions
        
        the partition of colonies
        
        Germany was left at a disadvantage relative to France and Great Britain
        
        at the start of the 20th century
        
        Second German Empire was Europe’s main industrial and economic power
        
        Germany claimed its own colonial territories
        
        An aggressive diplomacy
        
        Each power tried to protect its interests by seeking alliances with other nations
        
        There was no forum for debate or international organisation to discuss conflicts between states
        
        (Armed Peace)
        
        Nationalist rivalries
        
        Two of the biggest industrial powers (France and Germany)
        
        remained hostile because
        
        during the process of German unification
        
        Prussians had defeated France in the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871)
        
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        there were great nationalist tensions in the Balkans
        
        Different peoples fought to gain independence or expand their states
        
        such as Kingdom of Serbia ( supported by Russia)
        
        rival of Austria-Hungary.
        
        The arms race
        
        atmosphere of rivalry ,imperialist ambitions and diplomatic initiatives
        
        led to rearment of states
        
        due to technological and industrial progress
        
        countries started the industrial manufacturing of new, more deadly weapons
        
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      - Weaponry
        
        The Great War
        
        was the most devastating military conflict that history had ever seen
        
        Technological advances in the weapons industry
        
        It was the first war in which aviation played a fundamental role
        
        manufacture of the first metal aeroplane by the German company Junkers in 1915
        
        machine guns
        
        tanks
        
        armoured vehicles
        
        German Zeppelins and airships
        
        lethal mustard gas
        
        killed people and left the environment polluted and barren.
- - - - Two blocs of alliances were created that were to a great extent, heirs of the Bismarckian system
        
        The Triple Alliance (1882)
        
        formed by Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary
        
        Italy later abandoned this bloc because of its rivalry with Austro-Hungaria
        
        the Ottoman Empire (1914) and Bulgaria (1915) joined once the war started
        
        The Triple Entente (1907)
        
        formed by Russia, France ,Great Britain and its respective colonial empires
        
        once the war started Italy ended up joining the Triple Entente
        
        Other countries that participated in the Triple Entente, but very unequally
        
        Belgium, Serbia and Montenegro
        
        they were invaded by Germany and Austria-Hungary, and suffered greatly during the conflict
        
        The United States
        
        entered the war in 1917 and played a decisive role
        
        Romania and Greece
        
        joined due to developments on the Balkan front
        
        Japan
        
        declared war on Germany (1914) due to its imperialist ambitions in Asia and the Pacific
        
        Its goal was to seize German concessions in China and the Pacific islands that the German Empire had acquired from Spain in 1898.