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Programming - Coggle Diagram
Programming
Common concepts
Identifiers
One feature present in all procedural languages, as well as in other languages, is the identifier—that is, the name of objects. Identifiers allow us to name objects in the program.
Data types
A data type defines a set of values and a set of operations . The set of values for each type is known as the domain for the type.
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Variables
Variables are names for memory locations. A programmer can use a variable, such as count, to store the integer value of a count number received in a test
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Evolution
computer language is a set of predefined words according to predefined rules (syntax). Over the years from machine language to high- level languages.
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Programming paradigms
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The functional paradigm
a program is considered a mathematical function. In this context, a function is a black box that maps a list of inputs to a list of outputs.
The declarative paradigm
A declarative paradigm uses the principle of logical reasoning to answer queries. It is based on formal logic defined by Greek mathematicians and later developed into first-order predicate calculus.
Translation
Introduction
The program in a high-level language is called the source program. The translated program in machine language is called the object program.
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Translation process
Lexical analyzer reads the source code, symbol by symbol, and creates a list of tokens(thẻ) in the source language.(trình pitch từ vựng)
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Semantic analyzer checks the sentences created by the syntax analyzer to be sure that they contain no ambiguity.(trinh pitch ngữ nghĩa)
Code generator After unambiguous instructions are created by the semantic analyzer, each instruction is converted to a set of machine language instructions for the computer on which the program will run.(trình tạo mã)